अभद्र
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Classical Sanskrit अभद्र (abhadra). By surface analysis, अ- (a-) + भद्र (bhadra).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]अभद्र • (abhadra) (indeclinable)
- indecent, uncivil
- 2000, Ajay Shankar Pandey, स्वाधीनता संघर्ष और पुलिस [Freedom struggle and police], Radhakrishna Prakashan, →ISBN, page 167:
- प्रशिक्षण के समय ऐसे कई तरीके अपनाए जाते थे, ऐसा व्यवहार किया जाता था कि प्रशिक्षार्थी स्वाभाविक रूप से गाली-गलौज करना, अभद्र व्यवहार करना सीख जाता था।
- praśikṣaṇ ke samay aise kaī tarīke apnāe jāte the, aisā vyavhār kiyā jātā thā ki praśikṣārthī svābhāvik rūp se gālī-galauj karnā, abhadra vyavhār karnā sīkh jātā thā.
- At the time of training, many such methods were adopted, such treatment was given that the trainee naturally learned to use abusive language and have an uncivil conduct.
- 2004, Prem Singh, कट्टरता जीतेगी या उदारता [Will fanaticism win or liberality], Rajkamal Prakashan, →ISBN, page 50:
- आज़ाद भारत में ऐसा कोई रिकार्ड शायद ही मिले कि अल्पसंख्यकों ने संघ संप्रदाय के खिलाफ़ कभी अभद्र भाषा का इस्तेमाल किया हो।
- āzād bhārat mẽ aisā koī rikārḍ śāyad hī mile ki alpasaṅkhyakõ ne saṅgh sampradāy ke khilāf kabhī abhadra bhāṣā kā istemāl kiyā ho.
- There is hardly any record in independent India that minorities have ever used indecent language against the sangha sect.
Further reading
[edit]- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “अभद्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 47
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- অভদ্ৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬅᬪᬤ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
- অভদ্র (Bengali script)
- 𑰀𑰥𑰟𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀅𑀪𑀤𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- အဘဒြ (Burmese script)
- અભદ્ર (Gujarati script)
- ਅਭਦ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌅𑌭𑌦𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦨꦢꦿ (Javanese script)
- 𑂃𑂦𑂠𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಅಭದ್ರ (Kannada script)
- អភទ្រ (Khmer script)
- ອຠທ຺ຣ (Lao script)
- അഭദ്ര (Malayalam script)
- ᠠᢨᠠᡩᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘀𑘥𑘟𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠠᠪᠾᠠᢑᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦠𑧅𑦿𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐀𑐨𑐡𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
- ଅଭଦ୍ର (Odia script)
- ꢂꢩꢣ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆃𑆨𑆢𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖀𑖥𑖟𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
- අභද්ර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩳𑩭 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚀𑚡𑚛𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
- அப⁴த்³ர (Tamil script)
- అభద్ర (Telugu script)
- อภทฺร (Thai script)
- ཨ་བྷ་དྲ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒁𑒦𑒠𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨡𑨛𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From अ- (a-, “not”) + भद्र (bhadrá, “auspicious; good; pleasant”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɐ.bʱɐd̪.ɾɐ/
Adjective
[edit]अभद्र • (abhadra) stem (Classical Sanskrit)
- inauspicious; bad; evil
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 7.5.29:
- गुरुणैवं प्रतिप्रोक्तो भूय आहासुरः सुतम् ।
न चेद्गुरुमुखीयं ते कुतोऽभद्रासती मतिः ॥- guruṇaivaṃ pratiprokto bhūya āhāsuraḥ sutam.
na cedgurumukhīyaṃ te kutoʼbhadrāsatī matiḥ. - When Hiranyakashipu received this reply from the teacher, he again addressed his son. He said: if you have not received this education from your teachers, from where has your mind become so bad, O inauspicious [one]?
- guruṇaivaṃ pratiprokto bhūya āhāsuraḥ sutam.
- गुरुणैवं प्रतिप्रोक्तो भूय आहासुरः सुतम् ।
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 11.7.5.2:
- जनोऽभद्ररुचिर्भद्र भविष्यति कलौ युगे ॥
- janoʼbhadrarucirbhadra bhaviṣyati kalau yuge.
- O good one, in the Kali Yuga, a person will take a liking to [that which is] bad.
- जनोऽभद्ररुचिर्भद्र भविष्यति कलौ युगे ॥
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | अभद्रः (abhadraḥ) | अभद्रौ (abhadrau) | अभद्राः (abhadrāḥ) |
| vocative | अभद्र (abhadra) | अभद्रौ (abhadrau) | अभद्राः (abhadrāḥ) |
| accusative | अभद्रम् (abhadram) | अभद्रौ (abhadrau) | अभद्रान् (abhadrān) |
| instrumental | अभद्रेण (abhadreṇa) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्रैः (abhadraiḥ) |
| dative | अभद्राय (abhadrāya) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्रेभ्यः (abhadrebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | अभद्रात् (abhadrāt) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्रेभ्यः (abhadrebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | अभद्रस्य (abhadrasya) | अभद्रयोः (abhadrayoḥ) | अभद्राणाम् (abhadrāṇām) |
| locative | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्रयोः (abhadrayoḥ) | अभद्रेषु (abhadreṣu) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | अभद्रा (abhadrā) | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्राः (abhadrāḥ) |
| vocative | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्राः (abhadrāḥ) |
| accusative | अभद्राम् (abhadrām) | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्राः (abhadrāḥ) |
| instrumental | अभद्रया (abhadrayā) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्राभिः (abhadrābhiḥ) |
| dative | अभद्रायै (abhadrāyai) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्राभ्यः (abhadrābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | अभद्रायाः (abhadrāyāḥ) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्राभ्यः (abhadrābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | अभद्रायाः (abhadrāyāḥ) | अभद्रयोः (abhadrayoḥ) | अभद्राणाम् (abhadrāṇām) |
| locative | अभद्रायाम् (abhadrāyām) | अभद्रयोः (abhadrayoḥ) | अभद्रासु (abhadrāsu) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | अभद्रम् (abhadram) | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्राणि (abhadrāṇi) |
| vocative | अभद्र (abhadra) | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्राणि (abhadrāṇi) |
| accusative | अभद्रम् (abhadram) | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्राणि (abhadrāṇi) |
| instrumental | अभद्रेण (abhadreṇa) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्रैः (abhadraiḥ) |
| dative | अभद्राय (abhadrāya) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्रेभ्यः (abhadrebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | अभद्रात् (abhadrāt) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्रेभ्यः (abhadrebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | अभद्रस्य (abhadrasya) | अभद्रयोः (abhadrayoḥ) | अभद्राणाम् (abhadrāṇām) |
| locative | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्रयोः (abhadrayoḥ) | अभद्रेषु (abhadreṣu) |
Noun
[edit]अभद्र • (abhadra) stem, n (Classical Sanskrit)
- badness, wickedness, evilness; sin
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 1.2.17.2:
- हृद्यन्तःस्थो ह्य्अभद्राणि विधूनोति सुहृत्सताम् ॥
- hṛdyantaḥstho hyabhadrāṇi vidhūnoti suhṛtsatām.
- He [Krishna] destroys the badnesses in the inside of the heart of the good-hearted people.
- हृद्यन्तःस्थो ह्य्अभद्राणि विधूनोति सुहृत्सताम् ॥
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | अभद्रम् (abhadram) | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्राणि (abhadrāṇi) |
| vocative | अभद्र (abhadra) | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्राणि (abhadrāṇi) |
| accusative | अभद्रम् (abhadram) | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्राणि (abhadrāṇi) |
| instrumental | अभद्रेण (abhadreṇa) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्रैः (abhadraiḥ) |
| dative | अभद्राय (abhadrāya) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्रेभ्यः (abhadrebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | अभद्रात् (abhadrāt) | अभद्राभ्याम् (abhadrābhyām) | अभद्रेभ्यः (abhadrebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | अभद्रस्य (abhadrasya) | अभद्रयोः (abhadrayoḥ) | अभद्राणाम् (abhadrāṇām) |
| locative | अभद्रे (abhadre) | अभद्रयोः (abhadrayoḥ) | अभद्रेषु (abhadreṣu) |
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “अभद्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 60, column 3.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “abhadra”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “अभद्र”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 167
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “अभद्र”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 22
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Classical Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Classical Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Classical Sanskrit
- Hindi terms prefixed with अ-
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Hindi terms with quotations
- Sanskrit terms prefixed with अ-
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Classical Sanskrit
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns