ܨܠܡܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܨ ܠ ܡ (ṣ l m)
2 terms

From Aramaic צַלְמָא (ṣaləmā); cognate with Hebrew צֶלֶם (tsélem), Akkadian 𒀩 (ṣalmum) and Arabic صَنَم (ṣanam) by dissimilation of /l/ to /n/.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [sˤal.mɑː]

Noun

ܨܲܠܡܵܐ • (ṣalmā) m sg (plural ܨܲܠܡܹ̈ܐ (ṣalmē) or ܨܲܠܡܵܡܹ̈ܐ (ṣalmāmē), feminine ܨܠܸܡܬܵܐ (ṣlimtā))

1. image, form, figure

   Synonyms: ܝܘܼܩܢܵܐ (yuqnā), ܨܘܼܪܬܵܐ (ṣurtā), ܕܡܘܼܬܵܐ (dmūtā)

2. statue, idol
3. (of a person) face, character

Inflection

Inflection of ܨܲܠܡܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܨܲܠܡܝܼ (ṣalmī)		ܨܲܠܡܲܢ (ṣalman)
	construct	ܨܠܲܡ (ṣlam)		2nd person	ܨܲܠܡܘܼܟ݂ (ṣalmūḵ)	ܨܲܠܡܵܟ݂ܝ (ṣalmāḵ)	ܨܲܠܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṣalmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܨܲܠܡܵܐ (ṣalmā)		3rd person	ܨܲܠܡܹܗ (ṣalmēh)	ܨܲܠܡܵܗ̇ (ṣalmāh)	ܨܲܠܡܗܘܿܢ (ṣalmhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܨܲܠܡܝܼ̈ (ṣalmī)		ܨܲܠܡܲܢ̈ (ṣalman)
	construct	ܨܲܠܡܲܝ̈ (ṣalmay)		2nd person	ܨܲܠܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ṣalmūḵ)	ܨܲܠܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ṣalmāḵ)	ܨܲܠܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṣalmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܨܲܠܡܹ̈ܐ (ṣalmē)		3rd person	ܨܲܠܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ṣalmūh)	ܨܲܠܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ṣalmōh)	ܨܲܠܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ṣalmhōn)

Derived terms

• ܣܓ݂ܵܕ݂ܲܬ݂ ܨܲܠܡܹ̈ܐ (sḡāḏaṯ ṣalmē, “idolatry”)
• ܡܨܲܠܸܡ (mṣallim, “to imagine”)
• ܡܨܲܠܡܸܢ (mṣalmin, “to imagine”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Akkadian 𒀩 (ṣalmu(m)), “black,” possibly in reference to the color of the tree’s bark. Unattested in Classical Syriac.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [sˤalmaː]

Noun

ܨܲܠܡܵܐ • (ṣalmā) m

1. wild cherry (tree and fruit)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Compare Hebrew צֶלֶם (ṣélem).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sˤalmɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [sˤalme(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܨܠܡܐ • (ṣalmā) m (plural ܨܠܡܐ)

1. image, picture
2. form, figure
3. statue, idol

   Synonym: ܐܕܪܝܛܐ

4. face, surface
5. (possibly) person, character

Inflection

Inflection of ܨܠܡܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܨܠܡ		1st person	ܨܠܡܝ		ܨܠܡܢ
	construct	ܨܠܡ		2nd person	ܨܠܡܟ	ܨܠܡܟܝ	ܨܠܡܟܘܢ	ܨܠܡܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܨܠܡܐ		3rd person	ܨܠܡܗ	ܨܠܡܗ	ܨܠܡܗܘܢ	ܨܠܡܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܨܠܡܝܢ		1st person	ܨܠܡܝ		ܨܠܡܝܢ
	construct	ܨܠܡܝ		2nd person	ܨܠܡܝܟ	ܨܠܡܝܟܝ	ܨܠܡܝܟܘܢ	ܨܠܡܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܨܠܡܐ		3rd person	ܨܠܡܘܗܝ	ܨܠܡܝܗ	ܨܠܡܝܗܘܢ	ܨܠܡܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ṣlm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 302b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 480a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1290a