ܣܗܕܐ

See also: ܣܗܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܣ ܗ ܕ (s h d)
3 terms

Active participle of ܣܵܗܹܕ݂ (sāhēḏ, “to witness, to testify”); cognate to Arabic شَاهِد (šāhid). The second meaning is a Calque of Ancient Greek μᾰ́ρτῠς (mártus).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [sɑːhəðɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [sɑːhədɑː], [sɑːdɑː]

Noun

ܣܵܗܕ݂ܵܐ • (sāhḏā) m sg (plural ܣܵܗܕ݂ܹ̈ܐ (sāhḏē), feminine ܣܵܗܸܕܬܵܐ (sāhidtā))

1. witness
   • Acts 1:8:

     ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܡܩܲܒܠܝܼܬܘܿܢ ܚܲܝܠܵܐ ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܪܘܼܚܵܐ ܕܩܘܼܕ݂ܫܵܐ ܥܲܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ، ܘܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܝܬܘܿܢ ܣܵܗܕ݂ܹ̈ܐ ܐܸܠܝܼ، ܓܵܘ ܐܘܿܪܸܫܠܸܡ، ܓܵܘ ܟܠܵܗ̇ ܝܼܗܘܼܕ݂، ܓܵܘ ܫܵܡܪܝܼܢ، ܘܗܲܠ ܡܲܪ̈ܙܵܢܹܐ ܕܐܲܪܥܵܐ.

     īnā bit mqablītōn ḥaylā īman d-āṯē rūḥā d-quḏšā ˁallāwḵōn, w-bit hāwētōn sāhḏē ilī, gāw ōrišlim, gāw kullāh īhūḏ, gāw šāmrīn, w-hal marzānē d-arˁā.

     But you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be witnesses to Me in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.

2. martyr

Inflection

Inflection of ܣܵܗܕ݂ܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܝܼ (sāhḏī)		ܣܵܗܕ݂ܲܢ (sāhḏan)
	construct	ܣܵܗܸܕ݂ (sāhiḏ)		2nd person	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (sāhḏūḵ)	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (sāhḏāḵ)	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (sāhḏāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܵܐ (sāhḏā)		3rd person	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܹܗ (sāhḏēh)	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܵܗ̇ (sāhḏāh)	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܗܘܿܢ (sāhḏhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܝܼ̈ (sāhḏī)		ܣܵܗܕ݂ܲܢ̈ (sāhḏan)
	construct	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܲܝ̈ (sāhḏay)		2nd person	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (sāhḏūḵ)	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (sāhḏāḵ)	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (sāhḏāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܹ̈ܐ (sāhḏē)		3rd person	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (sāhḏūh)	ܣܵܗܕ݂̈ܘܿܗ̇ (sāhḏōh)	ܣܵܗܕ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (sāhḏhōn)

Derived terms

• ܣܵܗܕ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (sāhḏūṯā, “witness, martyrdom”)

Proper noun

ܣܵܗܕ݂ܵܐ • (sāhḏā) m

1. a male given name
2. a surname transferred from the given name

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From the root ܣ-ܗ-ܕ (s-h-d) related to testifying. Compare Arabic شَاهِد (šāhid).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɑh(ə)ðɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [sɑh(ə)ðe(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܣܗܕܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܣܗܕܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܣܗܕܬܐ)

1. witness
2. martyr

Inflection

Inflection of ܣܗܕܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܣܗܕ		1st person	ܣܗܕܝ		ܣܗܕܢ
	construct	ܣܗܕ		2nd person	ܣܗܕܟ	ܣܗܕܟܝ	ܣܗܕܟܘܢ	ܣܗܕܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܣܗܕܐ		3rd person	ܣܗܕܗ	ܣܗܕܗ	ܣܗܕܗܘܢ	ܣܗܕܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܣܗܕܝܢ		1st person	ܣܗܕܝ		ܣܗܕܝܢ
	construct	ܣܗܕܝ		2nd person	ܣܗܕܝܟ	ܣܗܕܝܟܝ	ܣܗܕܝܟܘܢ	ܣܗܕܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܣܗܕܐ		3rd person	ܣܗܕܘܗܝ	ܣܗܕܝܗ	ܣܗܕܝܗܘܢ	ܣܗܕܝܗܝܢ

References

• “shd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 221b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 362b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 973b