ܡܥܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܥ ܠ ܠ (ˁ l l)
10 terms

Noun of place derived from the verb ܥܵܐܹܠ (ˁāˀēl, “to enter”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [maʕ.lɑː]

Noun

ܡܲܥܠܵܐ • (maˁlā) m sg (plural ܡܲܥܠܹ̈ܐ (maˁlē))

1. entrance, entryway, way in
2. (figurative) introduction, beginning, commencement

   Synonym: ܫܘܼܪܵܝܵܐ (šurrāyā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܲܥܠܵܐ (maˁlā)
number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܥܠܝܼ (maˁlī)		ܡܲܥܠܲܢ (maˁlan)
	construct	ܡܲܥܲܠ (maˁal)	2nd person	ܡܲܥܠܘܼܟ݂ (maˁlūḵ)	ܡܲܥܠܵܟ݂ܝ (maˁlāḵ)	ܡܲܥܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (maˁlāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܥܠܵܐ (maˁlā)	3rd person	ܡܲܥܠܹܗ (maˁlēh)	ܡܲܥܠܵܗ̇ (maˁlāh)	ܡܲܥܠܗܘܿܢ (maˁlhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܥܠܝܼ̈ (maˁlī)		ܡܲܥܠܲܢ̈ (maˁlan)
	construct	ܡܲܥܠܲܝ̈ (maˁlay)	2nd person	ܡܲܥܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (maˁlūḵ)	ܡܲܥܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (maˁlāḵ)	ܡܲܥܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (maˁlāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܥܠܹ̈ܐ (maˁlē)	3rd person	ܡܲܥܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (maˁlūh)	ܡܲܥܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (maˁlōh)	ܡܲܥܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (maˁlhōn)

Antonyms

• ܡܲܦܩܵܐ (mapqā)

Etymology 2

Root
ܥ ܠ ܐ (ˁ l ˀ)
6 terms

Causative of ܥܵܠܹܐ (ˁālē, “to ascend”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [maʕ.leː]

Verb

ܡܲܥܠܹܐ • (maˁlē)

1. (transitive, physically) to position or make higher/high, elevate, raise see usage notes

   Antonym: ܡܲܚܬܹܐ (maḥtē)

   ܐܲܥܠܝܼ ܐܝܼܕ݂ܘܿܟ݂ ܕܕܵܓ݂ܲܢ ܠܘܿܟ݂ ― aˁlī īḏōḵ ddāḡan lōḵ ― Raise your hand so I can see you.

   ܐܲܥܠܝܼ ܠܹܗ ܦܵܬ݂ܘܿܪܵܐ ܕܟܵܢܫܸܢ ܬ݇ܚܘܿܬ݂ܹܗ ― aˁlī lēh pāṯōrā dkānšin ḥōṯēh ― Elevate the table so I can clean under it.

2. to turn up volume

Usage notes

• (to position higher): This verb is used for literally and physically elevating something or someone’s position, and not, for example, bringing something upstairs, or any figurative usage. For that, the verb ܡܲܣܸܩ (massiq) is used, where there may sometimes be semantic overlap.

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܡܲܥܠܹܐ (maˁlē)
present participle		ܡܲܥܠܘܿܝܹܐ (maˁlōyē)
verbal noun ܫܸܡ ܣܘܼܥܪܵܢܵܐ		-
		singular ܚܕ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ				plural ܣܲܓܝܼܐܵܢܵܝܵܐ
past participle ܡܫܲܘܬܲܦܬܵܐ	m	ܡܘܼܥܠܝܵܐ (muˁlyā)				ܡܘܼܥܠܝܹ̈ܐ (muˁlyē)
	f	ܡܘܼܥܠܲܝܬܵܐ (muˁlaytā)
agent noun ܥܵܒ݂ܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ	m	ܡܲܥܠܝܵܢܵܐ (maˁlyānā)				ܡܲܥܠܝܵܢܹ̈ܐ (maˁlyānē)
	f	ܡܲܥܠܝܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (maˁlyānīṯā)				ܡܲܥܠܝܵܢ̈ܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (maˁlyānyāṯā)
instance noun		ܡܲܥܠܲܝܬܵܐ (maˁlaytā)				ܡܲܥ̈ܠܲܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (maˁlayyāṯā)
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ	m	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܐ ܠܝܼ (muˁlē lī)	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (muˁlē lūḵ)	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܐ ܠܹܗ (muˁlē lēh)		ܡܘܼܥܠܹܐ ܠܲܢ (muˁlē lan)	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (muˁlē lāwḵōn)	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (muˁlē lhōn)
	f		ܡܘܼܥܠܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (muˁlē lāḵ)	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (muˁlē lāh)
non-past	m	ܡܲܥܠܹܝܢ (maˁlēn)	ܡܲܥܠܹܝܬ (maˁlēt)	ܡܲܥܠܹܐ (maˁlē)		ܡܲܥܠܲܚ (maˁlaḥ)	ܡܲܥܠܝܼܬܘܿܢ (maˁlītōn)	ܡܲܥܠܝܼ (maˁlī)
	f	ܡܲܥܠܝܵܢ (maˁlyān)	ܡܲܥܠܝܵܬܝ (maˁlyāt)	ܡܲܥܠܝܵܐ (maˁlyā)
imperative ܦܵܩܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ	m		ܐܲܥܠܝܼ (aˁlī)				ܐܲܥܠܲܘ (aˁlaw)
	f		ܐܲܥܠܲܝ (aˁlay)
passive past ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ ܚܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ	m	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܝܢ (muˁlēn)	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܝܬ (muˁlēt)	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܐ (muˁlē)		ܡܘܼܥܠܹܝܚ (muˁlēḥ)	ܡܘܼܥܠܹܝܬܘܿܢ (muˁlētōn)	ܡܘܼܥܠܲܝ (muˁlay)
	f	ܡܘܼܥܠܝܲܢ (muˁlyan)	ܡܘܼܥܠܝܲܬܝ (muˁlyat)	ܡܘܼܥܠܝܵܐ (muˁlyā)
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Classical Syriac

Etymology

From the root ܥ-ܠ-ܠ (ʿ-l-l) related to entering.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [maʕlɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [maʕle(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܡܥܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܡܥܠܐ)

1. entrance
2. coming, return, arrival
3. introduction, beginning, commencement
4. dedication

Inflection

    inflection of ܡܥܠܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܡܥܠ	ܡܥܠܝܢ
construct	ܡܥܠ	ܡܥܠܝ
emphatic	ܡܥܠܐ	ܡܥܠܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܡܥܠܝ	ܡܥܠܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܡܥܠܟ	ܡܥܠܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܡܥܠܟܝ	ܡܥܠܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܡܥܠܗ	ܡܥܠܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܡܥܠܗ	ܡܥܠܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܡܥܠܢ	ܡܥܠܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܡܥܠܟܘܢ	ܡܥܠܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܡܥܠܟܝܢ	ܡܥܠܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܡܥܠܗܘܢ	ܡܥܠܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܡܥܠܗܝܢ	ܡܥܠܝܗܝܢ

Antonyms

• ܡܦܩܐ

References

• “mˁl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 252b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 289a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 801a