ܚܪܫܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܚ ܪ ܫ (ḥ r š)
1 term

Etymology 1

From Aramaic חַרְשַׁיָא (ḥaršayyā); cognate to Arabic سِحْر (siḥr) through metathesis.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [xɪr.ʃeː]

Noun

ܚܸܪ̈ܫܹܐ • (ḥiršē) m pl (plural only)

1. magic, witchcraft
2. charms, enchantments, incantations

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܸܪ̈ܫܹܐ

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܚܸܪ̈ܫܝܼ (ḥiršī)		ܚܸܪ̈ܫܲܢ (ḥiršan)
	construct	ܚܸܪ̈ܫܲܝ (ḥiršay)	2nd person	ܚܸܪ̈ܫܘܼܟ݂ (ḥiršūḵ)	ܚܸܪ̈ܫܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥiršāḵ)	ܚܸܪ̈ܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥiršāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܸܪ̈ܫܹܐ (ḥiršē)	3rd person	ܚܸܪ̈ܫܹܗ (ḥiršēh)	ܚܸܪ̈ܫܘܿܗ̇ (ḥiršōh)	ܚܸܪ̈ܫܗܘܿܢ (ḥiršhōn)

Etymology 2

Derived from above; compare Arabic سَحَّار (saḥḥār).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [xarrɑːʃɑː]

Noun

ܚܲܪܵܫܵܐ • (ḥarrāšā) m sg (plural ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܹܐ (ḥarrāšē), feminine ܚܲܪܵܫܬܵܐ (ḥarrāštā))

1. magician, sorcerer, wizard, enchanter

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܲܪܵܫܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܚܲܪܵܫܝܼ (ḥarrāšī)		ܚܲܪܵܫܲܢ (ḥarrāšan)
	construct	ܚܲܪܵܫ (ḥarrāš)		2nd person	ܚܲܪܵܫܘܼܟ݂ (ḥarrāšūḵ)	ܚܲܪܵܫܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥarrāšāḵ)	ܚܲܪܵܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥarrāšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܪܵܫܵܐ (ḥarrāšā)		3rd person	ܚܲܪܵܫܹܗ (ḥarrāšēh)	ܚܲܪܵܫܵܗ̇ (ḥarrāšāh)	ܚܲܪܵܫܗܘܿܢ (ḥarrāšhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܝܼ (ḥarrāšī)		ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܲܢ (ḥarrāšan)
	construct	ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܲܝ (ḥarrāšay)		2nd person	ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܘܼܟ݂ (ḥarrāšūḵ)	ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥarrāšāḵ)	ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥarrāšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܹܐ (ḥarrāšē)		3rd person	ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܘܼܗܝ (ḥarrāšūh)	ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܘܿܗ̇ (ḥarrāšōh)	ܚܲܪ̈ܵܫܗܘܿܢ (ḥarrāšhōn)

Etymology 3

From Aramaic חַרְשָׁא (ḥaršā, “deaf-mute, mute”); cognate to Arabic أَخْرَس (ʔaḵras, “mute”) and Hebrew חֵרֵשׁ (kherésh, “deaf”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [xa.rʃɑː]

Noun

ܚܲܪܫܵܐ • (ḥaršā) m sg (plural ܚܲܪ̈ܫܹܐ (ḥaršē), feminine ܚܲܪܫܬܵܐ (ḥarštā))

1. deaf (unable to hear)
2. (obsolete) deaf-mute, mute

   Synonyms: ܠܲܥܠܵܐ (laˁlā), ܦܹܐܩܵܐ (pēqā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܲܪܫܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܚܲܪܫܝܼ (ḥaršī)		ܚܲܪܫܲܢ (ḥaršan)
	construct	ܚܲܪܫ (ḥarš)		2nd person	ܚܲܪܫܘܼܟ݂ (ḥaršūḵ)	ܚܲܪܫܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥaršāḵ)	ܚܲܪܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥaršāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܪܫܵܐ (ḥaršā)		3rd person	ܚܲܪܫܹܗ (ḥaršēh)	ܚܲܪܫܵܗ̇ (ḥaršāh)	ܚܲܪܫܗܘܿܢ (ḥaršhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܚܲܪ̈ܫܝܼ (ḥaršī)		ܚܲܪ̈ܫܲܢ (ḥaršan)
	construct	ܚܲܪ̈ܫܲܝ (ḥaršay)		2nd person	ܚܲܪ̈ܫܘܼܟ݂ (ḥaršūḵ)	ܚܲܪ̈ܫܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥaršāḵ)	ܚܲܪ̈ܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥaršāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܪ̈ܫܹܐ (ḥaršē)		3rd person	ܚܲܪ̈ܫܘܼܗܝ (ḥaršūh)	ܚܲܪ̈ܫܘܿܗ̇ (ḥaršōh)	ܚܲܪ̈ܫܗܘܿܢ (ḥaršhōn)

Derived terms

• ܚܲܪܫܘܼܬܵܐ (ḥaršūtā, “deafness”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܚ-ܪ-ܫ (ḥ-r-š) related to magic. Compare Arabic سِحْر (siḥr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħarʃɑ], [ħɛrʃɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħarʃe], [ħɛrʃe] (plural)

Noun

ܚܪܫܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܚܪܫܐ)

1. magic, witchcraft
2. charm, enchantment, incantation

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܪܫܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܪܫ		1st person	ܚܪܫܝ		ܚܪܫܢ
	construct	ܚܪܫ		2nd person	ܚܪܫܟ	ܚܪܫܟܝ	ܚܪܫܟܘܢ	ܚܪܫܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܪܫܐ		3rd person	ܚܪܫܗ	ܚܪܫܗ	ܚܪܫܗܘܢ	ܚܪܫܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܪܫܝܢ		1st person	ܚܪܫܝ		ܚܪܫܝܢ
	construct	ܚܪܫܝ		2nd person	ܚܪܫܝܟ	ܚܪܫܝܟܝ	ܚܪܫܝܟܘܢ	ܚܪܫܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܪܫܐ		3rd person	ܚܪܫܘܗܝ	ܚܪܫܝܗ	ܚܪܫܝܗܘܢ	ܚܪܫܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

Modified from above. Compare Arabic سَحَّار (saḥḥār).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħarrɑʃɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħarrɑʃe] (plural)

Noun

ܚܪܫܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܚܪܫܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܪܫܬܐ)

1. magician, sorcerer, wizard, enchanter

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܪܫܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܪܫ		1st person	ܚܪܫܝ		ܚܪܫܢ
	construct	ܚܪܫ		2nd person	ܚܪܫܟ	ܚܪܫܟܝ	ܚܪܫܟܘܢ	ܚܪܫܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܪܫܐ		3rd person	ܚܪܫܗ	ܚܪܫܗ	ܚܪܫܗܘܢ	ܚܪܫܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܪܫܝܢ		1st person	ܚܪܫܝ		ܚܪܫܝܢ
	construct	ܚܪܫܝ		2nd person	ܚܪܫܝܟ	ܚܪܫܝܟܝ	ܚܪܫܝܟܘܢ	ܚܪܫܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܪܫܐ		3rd person	ܚܪܫܘܗܝ	ܚܪܫܝܗ	ܚܪܫܝܗܘܢ	ܚܪܫܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

From the root ܚ-ܪ-ܫ (ḥ-r-š) related to being mute or hoarse. Compare Arabic أَخْرَس (ʔaḵras) and Hebrew חֵרֵשׁ (ḥērēš).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħarʃɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħarʃe] (plural)

Noun

ܚܪܫܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܚܪܫܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܪܫܬܐ)

1. deaf-mute, mute

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܪܫܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܪܫ		1st person	ܚܪܫܝ		ܚܪܫܢ
	construct	ܚܪܫ		2nd person	ܚܪܫܟ	ܚܪܫܟܝ	ܚܪܫܟܘܢ	ܚܪܫܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܪܫܐ		3rd person	ܚܪܫܗ	ܚܪܫܗ	ܚܪܫܗܘܢ	ܚܪܫܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܪܫܝܢ		1st person	ܚܪܫܝ		ܚܪܫܝܢ
	construct	ܚܪܫܝ		2nd person	ܚܪܫܝܟ	ܚܪܫܝܟܝ	ܚܪܫܝܟܘܢ	ܚܪܫܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܪܫܐ		3rd person	ܚܪܫܘܗܝ	ܚܪܫܝܗ	ܚܪܫܝܗܘܢ	ܚܪܫܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ḥrš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pages 117b-118a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 159b-160a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 496a-b

Anagrams

• ܪܚܫܐ, ܫܚܪܐ, ܫܪܚܐ