ܚܝܘܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܚ ܝ ܐ (ḥ y ˀ)
6 terms

Etymology 1

Inherited from Aramaic חַיוּתָא (ḥayūṯā), by surface analysis, ܚܲܝܵܐ (ḥayyā, “alive, living”) +‎ -ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (-ūṯā, the abstract noun ending); related to Arabic حَيَاة (ḥayāh) and Hebrew חַיּוּת (khayyút).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [xaj.juːθɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [xaj.juːθɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [xaj.juːtɑː]

Noun

ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ • (ḥayūṯā) f (uncountable)

1. life, lifestyle, lifespan

   ܚܝܝܼ ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂! ܐܲܒܣܸܡ! ― ḥyī ḥayūṯūḵ! absim! ― Live your life! Enjoy!

   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Matthew 6:25:

     ܡܸܛܠ ܗܵܢܵܐ ܒܹܐ݇ܡܵܪܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܐܸܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ، ܠܵܐ ܐܵܟ݂ܠܝܼܬܘܿܢ ܚܲܡ ܥܲܠ ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ، ܕܡܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܐܵܟ݂ܠܝܼܬܘܿܢ ܘܡܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܫܵܬܹܝܬܘܿܢ؛ ܘܠܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܦܲܓ݂ܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܕܡܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܠܵܒ݂ܫܝܼܬܘܿܢ. ܠܹܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܢܲܦ̮ܫܵܐ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܡ̣ܢ ܡܹܐܟ݂ܘܼܠܬܵ‌ܐ، ܘܦܲܓ݂ܪܵܐ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܡ̣ܢ ܠܒ݂ܝܼܫܬܵ‌ܐ؟

     miṭṭul hānā bēmārā ìwen illawḵōn, lā āḵlītōn ḥam ˁal ḥayūṯāwḵōn, d-mā bit āḵlītōn w-mā bit šātētōn; w-lā ˁal paḡrāwḵōn d-mā bit lāḇšītōn. lē ìlāh nafšā yatīr min mēḵultā‌ā, w-paḡrā yatīr min lḇīštā‌ā?

     Therefore I say to you, do not worry about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink; nor about your body, what you will put on. Is not the soul more than food and the body more than clothing?

2. vitality
3. purity

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ

number	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person			ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܲܢ (ḥayūṯan)
	construct	ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ (ḥayūṯ)		2nd person	ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ḥayūṯūḵ)	ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥayūṯāḵ)	ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥayūṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥayūṯā)		3rd person	ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܹܗ (ḥayūṯēh)	ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (ḥayūṯāh)	ܚܲܝܘܼܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ḥayuṯhōn)

Related terms

• ܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ (ḥayyē)

Etymology 2

From Aramaic חֵיוְתָא (ḥeywəṯā), from Proto-Semitic *ḥay(aw)- (“animal”); compare Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān), Hebrew חַיָּה (khayá) and Ugaritic 𐎈𐎆𐎉 (ḥwt).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [xaj.wəθɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [xoːtɑː]

Noun

ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܵܐ or ܚܲܝ݇ܘܬ݂ܵܐ • (ḥaywṯā or ḥawṯā) f (plural ܚܲܝ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥaywāṯā), masculine ܚܲܝܘܵܐ (ḥaywā))

1. animal, beast

   ܐܝܼܠܵܢܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܙܲܪܥܵܐ ܒܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ، ܘܬܘܿܪܬܵܐ ܚܲܝ݇ܘܬ݂ܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇.

   īlānā min zarˁā b-arˁā ìlēh, w-tōrtā ḥawṯā ìlāh.

   A tree is from a seed in the ground, and a cow is an animal.

   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Genesis 1:25:

     ܘܥܒ݂ܝܼܕ݂ ܠܹܗ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܠܓܸܢܣܵܗ̇، ܒܥܝܼܪܵܐ ܠܓܸܢܣܹܗ، ܘܟܠ ܪܲܚܵܫܵܐ ܕܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܠܓܸܢܣܹܗ. ܘܚܙܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܕܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ.

     w-ˁḇīḏ lēh allāhā ḥaywṯā d-arˁā l-ginsāh, bˁīrā l-ginsēh, w-kul raḥḥāšā d-arˁā l-ginsēh. w-ḥzē lēh allāhā d-ṭāḇā ìwā.

     And God made the animal of the earth according to its kind, beast according to its kind, and everything that creeps on the earth according to its kind. And God saw that it was good.

   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Revelation 6:3:

     ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܦܲܐܪܵܐ ܦܬ݂ܝܼܚ ܠܹܗ ܚܵܬ݂ܡܵܐ ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܐ، ܫܡܝܼܥ ܠܝܼ ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܵܐ ܬܪܲܝܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܒܹܐ݇ܡܵܪܵܐ: «ܬܵܐ ܘܚܙܝܼ».

     īman dpaˀrā pṯīḥ lēh ḥāṯmā trayyānā, šmīˁ lī ḥaywṯā trayyānīṯā bēmārā: “tā w-ḥzī”.

     When the lamb opened the second seal, I heard the second living creature saying, “Come and see”.

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܝܼ (ḥaywṯī)		ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܲܢ (ḥaywṯan)
	construct	ܚܲܝܘܲܬ݂ (ḥaywaṯ)		2nd person	ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ḥaywṯūḵ)	ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥaywṯāḵ)	ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥaywṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥaywṯā)		3rd person	ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܹܗ (ḥaywṯēh)	ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (ḥaywṯāh)	ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ḥaywṯhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܚܲܝܘܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (ḥaywāṯī)		ܚܲܝܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (ḥaywāṯan)
	construct	ܚܲܝܘܵܬ݂̈ (ḥaywāṯ)		2nd person	ܚܲܝܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥaywāṯūḵ)	ܚܲܝܘܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥaywāṯāḵ)	ܚܲܝܘܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥaywāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܝ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ (ḥaywāṯē)		3rd person	ܚܲܝܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥaywāṯūh)	ܚܲܝ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (ḥaywāṯōh)	ܚܲܝܘܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ḥaywāṯhōn)

Synonyms

• ܒܥܝܼܪܵܐ (bˁīrā)

Derived terms

• ܓܲܢܲܬ݂ ܚܲܝ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (gannaṯ ḥaywāṯā, “zoo”)
• ܚܲܝܘܬ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ (ḥaywṯānāyā, “animal; bestial; zoological”)
• ܚܲܝܘܲܬ݂ ܒܲܪܝܼܵܐ (ḥaywaṯ barīyā, “wild animal”)
• ܡܡܲܠܠܘܼܬ݂ ܚܲܝ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (mmallūṯ ḥaywāṯā, “zoology”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܚ ܝ ܐ related to living; compare Arabic حَيَاة (ḥayāh), Hebrew חַיּוּת (ḥayyûṯ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ħajwəθɑ] (singular)
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ħajuθo] (singular)
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ħajjuθɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħajwɑθɑ] (plural)

Noun

ܚܝܘܬܐ • (ḥayyūṯā) f (plural ܚܝܘܬܐ (ḥaywāṯā))

1. life, living, vitality
2. animal nature, animality
3. purity

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܝܘܬܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܝܘ		1st person	ܚܝܘܬܝ		ܚܝܘܬܢ
	construct	ܚܝܘܬ		2nd person	ܚܝܘܬܟ	ܚܝܘܬܟܝ	ܚܝܘܬܟܘܢ	ܚܝܘܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܝܘܬܐ		3rd person	ܚܝܘܬܗ	ܚܝܘܬܗ	ܚܝܘܬܗܘܢ	ܚܝܘܬܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܝܘܢ		1st person	ܚܝܘܬܝ		ܚܝܘܬܢ
	construct	ܚܝܘܬ		2nd person	ܚܝܘܬܟ	ܚܝܘܬܟܝ	ܚܝܘܬܟܘܢ	ܚܝܘܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܝܘܬܐ		3rd person	ܚܝܘܬܗ	ܚܝܘܬܗ	ܚܝܘܬܗܘܢ	ܚܝܘܬܗܝܢ

See also

• ܚܝܐ (ḥayyē)

Etymology 2

From the root ܚ ܝ ܐ related to living; compare Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān), Hebrew חַיָּה (ḥayyâ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħajw(ə)θɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħajwɑθɑ] (plural)

Noun

ܚܝܘܬܐ • (ḥaywəṯā) c (plural ܚܝܘܬܐ (ḥaywāṯā))

1. creature, beast, wild animal (especially carnivore)

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܝܘܬܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܝܘܐ		1st person	ܚܝܘܬܝ		ܚܝܘܬܢ
	construct	ܚܝܘܬ		2nd person	ܚܝܘܬܟ	ܚܝܘܬܟܝ	ܚܝܘܬܟܘܢ	ܚܝܘܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܝܘܬܐ		3rd person	ܚܝܘܬܗ	ܚܝܘܬܗ	ܚܝܘܬܗܘܢ	ܚܝܘܬܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܝܘܢ		1st person	ܚܝܘܬܢ		ܚܝܘܬܢ
	construct	ܚܝܘܬ		2nd person	ܚܝܘܬܟ	ܚܝܘܬܟܝ	ܚܝܘܬܟܘܢ	ܚܝܘܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܝܘܬܐ		3rd person	ܚܝܘܬܗ	ܚܝܘܬܗ	ܚܝܘܬܗܘܢ	ܚܝܘܬܗܝܢ

Antonyms

• ܒܥܝܪܐ (bəʿīrā)

References

• “ḥyw”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-23
• “ḥywh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-23
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 103a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 140a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 445b–446a