ܗܝܟܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From Aramaic הֵיכְלָא (hēḵəlā), from Akkadian 𒂍𒃲 (ēkallum, “palace, temple”), from Sumerian 𒂍𒃲 (e₂-gal); compare Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal), Hebrew הֵיכָל (heikhál) and Ugaritic 𐎅𐎋𐎍 (hkl /⁠hêkal⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [hajk(ə)laː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [hajɪkla]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [het͡ʃə.laː]

Noun

ܗܲܝܟܠܵܐ • (hayklā) m sg (plural ܗܲܝܟܠܹ̈ܐ (hayklē))

1. temple
2. shrine, holy place
3. (architecture) nave, church
4. (anatomy) physique, frame
5. (obsolete) palace

   Synonyms: ܒܝܼܪܬܵܐ (bīrtā), ܩܲܨܪܵܐ (qaṣrā), ܒܹܝܬ ܡܲܠܟܵܐ (bēt malkā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܗܲܝܟܠܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܗܲܝܟܠܝܼ (hayklī)		ܗܲܝܟܠܲܢ (haykullan)
	construct	ܗܲܝܟܲܠ (haykal)		2nd person	ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼܟ݂ (haykullōḵ)	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܟ݂ܝ (haykullāḵ)	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (haykullāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܐ (hayklā)		3rd person	ܗܲܝܟܠܹܗ (haykullēh)	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܗ̇ (haykullāh)	ܗܲܝܟܠܗܘܿܢ (haykullhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܗܲܝܟܠܝܼ̈ (hayklī)		ܗܲܝܟܠܲܢ̈ (hayklan)
	construct	ܗܲܝܟܠܲܝ̈ (hayklay)		2nd person	ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (hayklūḵ)	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (hayklāḵ)	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (hayklāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܗܲܝܟܠܹ̈ܐ (hayklē)		3rd person	ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (hayklūh)	ܗܲܝܟܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (hayklōh)	ܗܲܝܟܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (hayklhōn)

Derived terms

• ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼܬܵܐ (hayklūtā, “dwelling in a temple”)
• ܗܲܝܟܠܘܿܢܵܐ (hayklōnā, “small temple”)
• ܗܲܝܟܠܵܝܵܐ (hayklāyā, “belonging to a temple”)
• ܡܗܲܝܟܠܵܢܵܐ (mhayklānā, “one consecrated with a temple”)
• ܡܸܬܗܲܝܟܠܵܢܵܐ (mithayklānā, “one having been consecrated with a temple”)

 

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Probably from Akkadian 𒂍𒃲 (ēkallum, “palace, temple”), from Sumerian 𒂍𒃲 (e₂-gal); compare Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal), Hebrew הֵיכָל (hêḵāl), Ugaritic 𐎅𐎋𐎍 (hkl /⁠hêkal⁠/).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hajk(ə)lɑ] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [hajk(ə)le] (in the plural)

Noun

ܗܝܟܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܗܝܟܠܐ)

1. palace
2. temple
3. church
4. (architecture) nave
5. shrine, holy place

Inflection

Inflection of ܗܝܟܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܗܝܟܠ		1st person	ܗܝܟܠܝ		ܗܝܟܠܢ
	construct	ܗܝܟܠ		2nd person	ܗܝܟܠܟ	ܗܝܟܠܟܝ	ܗܝܟܠܟܘܢ	ܗܝܟܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܗܝܟܠܐ		3rd person	ܗܝܟܠܗ	ܗܝܟܠܗ	ܗܝܟܠܗܘܢ	ܗܝܟܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܗܝܟܠܝܢ		1st person	ܗܝܟܠܝ		ܗܝܟܠܝܢ
	construct	ܗܝܟܠܝ		2nd person	ܗܝܟܠܝܟ	ܗܝܟܠܝܟܝ	ܗܝܟܠܝܟܘܢ	ܗܝܟܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܗܝܟܠܐ		3rd person	ܗܝܟܠܘܗܝ	ܗܝܟܠܝܗ	ܗܝܟܠܝܗܘܢ	ܗܝܟܠܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܗܝܟܠܘܢܐ
• ܗܝܟܠܘܬܐ

Descendants

• → Sogdian: 𐼳𐼷𐼸𐽄𐼰 (hyklʾ /⁠heykala⁠/, “nave”)

References

• “hykl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-12
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 76b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 103a-b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 340b-341a