گاش

See also: کاش, كأس, کاس, and گاسہٕ

Kashmiri

FWOTD – 29 January 2023

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit काश (kāśa, “visibility, appearance”), from the root काश् (kāś, “to shine, to be visible”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeḱ- (“to see, look”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡaːʃ]

Noun

گاش • (gāś) m (Devanagari गाश)

1. light, illumination, radiance, luminosity, lustre

   Synonyms: نوٗر (nūr), روشنی (rōśnī), پرَٛکاش (prakāś)

   Antonyms: گۆٹ (goṭ), اَنہِ گۆٹ (ani goṭ), گَٹہٕ کار (gaṭhụ kār)

   • c. 14th century CE, Lal Dyad, “کَلامِ لَل دؠد [The poetry of Lal Ded]”, in کلامِ شیخ العلم [The poetry of Sheikh ul Alam]‎^[1], page 268:

     گۄرٕے ماتا گۄرٕے پِتا
     گۄرٕے اَنہِ نؠترَن گاش

     gọrụy mātā gọrụy pitā
     gọrụy ani nyatran gāś

     The guru is the mother and the guru is the father
     The guru alone brings light to the eyes.

   • 2020 November 24, Bhushan Kaul "Deep", “दऺपिथ कऻशुर तॖ कथ-बाथ [Spoken Kashmiri and conversation]”, in https://koshursabak.blogspot.com:

     [...] مَگَر لَقب اوس آمُت دِنہٕ أمِس بھاسکَر یانہِ سِرَیہ یُس گَٹہِ مَنٛز گاش اَنان چھُ۔

     [...] magar laqab ōs āmut dinụ ạmis bhāskar yāni sirayi yus gaṭi manz gāś anān chu.

     [...] but his title was "Bhaskar", the sun; who brings light to the darkness.

2. daylight
   • 1998, Som Nath Zutshi, یێِلہِ پھۆل گاش-اَفسانہٕ سۆمبرَن [When the light shone-a collection of short stories]‎^[2] (fiction), Jammu: Durga publications, page 43:

     لَرِ پھِرٕنؠ دِوان دِوان آس گاش۔ بیٖب تہِ ؤژھ نێنٛدرِ۔

     lari phirụn' divān divān ās gāś. bīb ti vạċh nendri.

     While tossing and turning on the bed, suddenly, daylight came. The wife also woke up.

3. knowledge
   • c. 14th century CE, Nund Reshi, کلامِ شیخ العلم [The poetry of Sheikh ul Alam]‎^[3], page 59:

     نَفسَس پَتہٕ لَگُن چھُے أچھؠ مَنٛز سَرُن
     گاشٕچ وۄمید بٔرزِنہٕ زاہ

     nafsas patụ lagun chuy ạch' manz sarun
     gāśục vọmēd bạrzinụ zah

     To run after the [the knowledge of] self is like putting a blade of grass in one's eye
     Never, ever fill yourself with the hope of [the light of] knowledge

4. literacy
5. eyesight; clearness, brightness (of the eye)

Derived terms

• زوٗنہٕ گاش (zūnụgāś, “moonlight”)
• أچھ گاش (ạch gāś, “apple of someone's eye”, literally “eye-light”)
• گاش یُن (gāś yun, “dawn breaking”, literally “light coming”)
• گاش پھۄلُن (gāś phọlun, “rising of the sun, the coming of morning”, literally “light blossoming”)

References

• S. K. Toshakhani, Mohiuddin Hajni, Prithvi Nath Pushp, Mirza Ghulam Hassan Beg Arif, Ghulam Nabi Gowhar (1968-1980) Kashir Dictionary Vol 5‎^[4] (in Kashmiri), volume 5, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 328
• Grierson, George Abraham (1932) “گاش”, in A dictionary of the Kashmiri language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal, page 308
• Elmslie, William Jackson (1872) A Vocabulary of the Kashmírí Language‎^[5], London: Church Missionary House, page 139

Persian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɒːʃ/

Noun

گاش • (gâš)

1. (Sistani) sheep barn