کول

See also: كول and گول

Central Kurdish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʊl/

Adjective

کول (kul)

1. blunt, dull

Derived terms

• کولی (kulî)

Mazanderani

Etymology 1

Compare Central Kurdish کول (kul).

Noun

کول (kul)

1. tree bark
2. skin

Etymology 2

Compare Persian کوه, Arabic قلة.

Derived terms

• کولاب (kulāb, “wave”)

Noun

کول (kul)

1. hill

Etymology 3

present stem of Mazanderani کول بموئن (kul bemu'en, “to ferment, to boil”)

Noun

کول (kul)

1. boiling

Pashto

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥náwti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ka.wəl/

Verb

کول • (kawә́l) (present imperfect stem کو (kaw), present perfect stem کړ (k(ṙ)), past perfect stem کړ (kṙ))

1. to do, make

Usage notes

The ړ is not always pronounced in present perfective forms in colloquial speech, but in some dialects and formal speaking it is always pronounced.

Conjugation

Conjugation of کول

	singular					plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person m	3rd person f		1st person	2nd person	3rd person m	3rd person f
	زۀ	تۀ	دی / هغه	دا / هغه		موږ	تاسې	دوی / هغوی
present imperfective	کوم (kawә́m)	کوې (kawe)	کوي (kawí)			کوو (kawú)	کوﺉ (kawә́i)	کوي (kawí)
present perfective	کړم (kəm)	کړې (ke)	کړي (ki)		کړو (ku)	کړﺉ (kəi)	کړي (ki)
past imperfective	کولم (kawә́ləm)	کولې (kawә́le)	کاوۀ (kāwә́)	کوله (kawә́la)	کولو (kawә́lu)	کولﺉ (kawә́ləi)	کول / کولۀ (kawә́lə / kawә́l)	کولې (kawә́le)
past perfective	کړم / کړلم (kṛələm / kṛəm)	کړې / کړلې (kṛəle / kṛe)	کړ (kə / kṛ)	کړه / کړله (kṛəla / kṛa)	کړو / کړلو (kṛəlu / kṛu)	کړﺉ / کړلﺉ (kṛələi / kṛəi)	کړلۀ / کړل (kṛəl/ kṛələ)	کړلې (kṛəle)

command form conjugation of کول

	تۀ		تاسو
Positive
	وکړه (wë ka)		وکړئ (wë kəi)
Negative
	مه کوه (mә́ këwa)		مه کوئ (mә́ këwәi)

Related terms

• کېدل (kedël) (intransitive)

Further reading

• Pashto-English Dictionary, Qamosona.com
• Raverty, H. G. (Henry George). A dictionary of the Puk'hto, Pus'hto, or language of the Afghans: with remarks on the originality of the language, and its affinity to other oriental tongues. Second edition, with considerable additions. London: Williams and Norgate, 1867

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐫐𐫇𐫓 (kwl /⁠kōl⁠/, “pit, sink”). Related to کولیدن (kulidan, “to dig, furrow”).

The sense 'lake' probably from a Turkic source, compare Uzbek koʻl (“lake”), Kazakh көл (köl, “lake”), Bashkir күл (kül, “lake”), from Proto-Turkic *kȫl (“lake”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [koːl]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰoːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰoːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰoːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰʊːl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰuːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɵl]

Readings
Classical reading?	kōl
Dari reading?	kōl
Iranian reading?	kul
Tajik reading?	kül

Noun

Dari	کول
Iranian Persian
Tajik	кӯл

کول • (kôl)

1. ditch
2. pond
3. reservoir
4. lake

Synonyms

• کولاب (kôlâb)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kʰuːl]

Noun

کول • (kul)

1. shoulder
2. back

Derived terms

• کوله (kule)