چاپار

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From چاپمق (çapmak, “to run, trot, gallop”).

Noun

چاپار • (çapar)

1. a Persian mounted courier or messenger

   Synonym: اولاق (ulak)

Adjective

چاپار • (çapar)

1. that runs or gallops

Derived terms

• چاپارلق (çaparlık)

Descendants

• Turkish: çapar
• → Armenian: Չափարյան (Čʻapʻaryan)

References

• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “چاپار”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 698

Persian

Alternative forms

• چپر (čapar)

Etymology

A Turkic borrowing: compare Old Anatolian Turkish چپار / چاپار / چپر (çapar), Ottoman Turkish چاپار (çapar), Azerbaijani çapar. Ultimately from the root underlying Ottoman Turkish چاپمق (çapmak), Azerbaijani çapmaq.

Also from Turkic (directly or via Persian): Middle Armenian չափառ (čʻapʻaṙ), Armenian Չափարյան (Čʻapʻaryan), Georgian ჩაფარი (čapari), Ossetian чапар (ḱapar), Avar чапар (čapar), Lezgi чапар (čapar), Lak чапар (čapar).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɑː.ˈpɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑː.pʰɑ́ːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑː.pʰɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑː.pʰɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔː.pʰɔ́ːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɒː.pʰɒ́ːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔ.pʰɔ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	čāpār
Dari reading?	čāpār
Iranian reading?	čâpâr
Tajik reading?	čopor

Noun

Dari	چاپار
Iranian Persian
Tajik	чопор

چاپار • (čâpâr)

1. post, mail

   Synonyms: برید (barid), پست (post)

2. runner, mounted messenger, courier

   Synonyms: برید (barid), پیک (peyk), قاصد (qâsed), نامه‌بر (nâme-bar), نامه‌رسان (nâme-rasân), نامه‌آور (nâme-âvar), چاپارچی (čâpârči), خط‌کشان (xat-kašân)

Derived terms

• چاپارچی (čâpârči, “runner, mounted messenger, courier”)
• چاپارچی‌باشی (čâpârči-bâši, “head courier”)
• چاپارخانه (čâpârxâne, “post office”)

References

• Doerfer, Gerhard (1965) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 19)‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1033, pages 12–13
• Doerfer, Gerhard (1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 21)‎^[3] (in German), volume 4, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1033, page 452
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “چاپار”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul