مطرة

See also: مطره

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
م ط ر (m ṭ r)
7 terms

Adjective

مَطِرَة • (maṭira) f

feminine singular of مَطِر (maṭir)

Etymology 1.2

Noun

مَطَرَة or مَطْرَة • (maṭara or maṭra) f (plural أَمْطَار (ʔamṭār))

downpour, shower; (colloquial) rain
- 2003, أحمد سليمان أبكر, الريف المكنون‎^[1], Hindawi Foundation, published 2021, →ISBN, مثل ومثل:
  «تقول صبت فيهو مطرة.» يُضْرب مثلًا للرجل ترميه بحجةٍ تُسكته، ويُناظره المثل العربي: «كأنَّما أفرغ عليه ذنوب.»٠٠
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of noun مَطَرَة (maṭara)‎; مَطْرَة (maṭra)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَطَرَة‎; مَطْرَة maṭara‎; maṭra	الْمَطَرَة‎; الْمَطْرَة al-maṭara‎; al-maṭra	مَطَرَة‎; مَطْرَة maṭarat‎; maṭrat
Nominative	مَطَرَةٌ‎; مَطْرَةٌ maṭaratun‎; maṭratun	الْمَطَرَةُ‎; الْمَطْرَةُ al-maṭaratu‎; al-maṭratu	مَطَرَةُ‎; مَطْرَةُ maṭaratu‎; maṭratu
Accusative	مَطَرَةً‎; مَطْرَةً maṭaratan‎; maṭratan	الْمَطَرَةَ‎; الْمَطْرَةَ al-maṭarata‎; al-maṭrata	مَطَرَةَ‎; مَطْرَةَ maṭarata‎; maṭrata
Genitive	مَطَرَةٍ‎; مَطْرَةٍ maṭaratin‎; maṭratin	الْمَطَرَةِ‎; الْمَطْرَةِ al-maṭarati‎; al-maṭrati	مَطَرَةِ‎; مَطْرَةِ maṭarati‎; maṭrati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَطَرَتَيْن‎; مَطْرَتَيْن maṭaratayn‎; maṭratayn	الْمَطَرَتَيْن‎; الْمَطْرَتَيْن al-maṭaratayn‎; al-maṭratayn	مَطَرَتَيْ‎; مَطْرَتَيْ maṭaratay‎; maṭratay
Nominative	مَطَرَتَانِ‎; مَطْرَتَانِ maṭaratāni‎; maṭratāni	الْمَطَرَتَانِ‎; الْمَطْرَتَانِ al-maṭaratāni‎; al-maṭratāni	مَطَرَتَا‎; مَطْرَتَا maṭaratā‎; maṭratā
Accusative	مَطَرَتَيْنِ‎; مَطْرَتَيْنِ maṭaratayni‎; maṭratayni	الْمَطَرَتَيْنِ‎; الْمَطْرَتَيْنِ al-maṭaratayni‎; al-maṭratayni	مَطَرَتَيْ‎; مَطْرَتَيْ maṭaratay‎; maṭratay
Genitive	مَطَرَتَيْنِ‎; مَطْرَتَيْنِ maṭaratayni‎; maṭratayni	الْمَطَرَتَيْنِ‎; الْمَطْرَتَيْنِ al-maṭaratayni‎; al-maṭratayni	مَطَرَتَيْ‎; مَطْرَتَيْ maṭaratay‎; maṭratay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَمْطَار ʔamṭār	الْأَمْطَار al-ʔamṭār	أَمْطَار ʔamṭār
Nominative	أَمْطَارٌ ʔamṭārun	الْأَمْطَارُ al-ʔamṭāru	أَمْطَارُ ʔamṭāru
Accusative	أَمْطَارًا ʔamṭāran	الْأَمْطَارَ al-ʔamṭāra	أَمْطَارَ ʔamṭāra
Genitive	أَمْطَارٍ ʔamṭārin	الْأَمْطَارِ al-ʔamṭāri	أَمْطَارِ ʔamṭāri

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Aramaic מַטְרְתָא (maṭərṯā, “a double sack for grain, gold etc.”), from Ancient Greek μετρητής (metrētḗs), a widely employed liquid measure named after μετρέω (metréō, “to measure”),^[1] whence also Latin metrēta derives.

Noun

مَطَرَة • (maṭara) f (plural مَطَرَات (maṭarāt) or أَمْطَار (ʔamṭār))

water-skin, field-flask, a large bottle of leather or wood or other materials for drinking water, storing butter, oil, sugar, fish etc.; or even a vessel or portable bag in general; as a liquid measure around 10–20 litres
Alternative forms: مَطَر (maṭar), مَطَارَة (maṭāra)

Near-synonyms: قِرْبَة (qirba), سِقَاء (siqāʔ), زِقّ (ziqq), شَجْب (šajb), جَحْل (jaḥl), شَنّ (šann), جَوْد (jawd)

Declension

Declension of noun مَطَرَة (maṭara)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَطَرَة maṭara	الْمَطَرَة al-maṭara	مَطَرَة maṭarat
Nominative	مَطَرَةٌ maṭaratun	الْمَطَرَةُ al-maṭaratu	مَطَرَةُ maṭaratu
Accusative	مَطَرَةً maṭaratan	الْمَطَرَةَ al-maṭarata	مَطَرَةَ maṭarata
Genitive	مَطَرَةٍ maṭaratin	الْمَطَرَةِ al-maṭarati	مَطَرَةِ maṭarati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَطَرَتَيْن maṭaratayn	الْمَطَرَتَيْن al-maṭaratayn	مَطَرَتَيْ maṭaratay
Nominative	مَطَرَتَانِ maṭaratāni	الْمَطَرَتَانِ al-maṭaratāni	مَطَرَتَا maṭaratā
Accusative	مَطَرَتَيْنِ maṭaratayni	الْمَطَرَتَيْنِ al-maṭaratayni	مَطَرَتَيْ maṭaratay
Genitive	مَطَرَتَيْنِ maṭaratayni	الْمَطَرَتَيْنِ al-maṭaratayni	مَطَرَتَيْ maṭaratay
Plural	sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَطَرَات‎; أَمْطَار maṭarāt‎; ʔamṭār	الْمَطَرَات‎; الْأَمْطَار al-maṭarāt‎; al-ʔamṭār	مَطَرَات‎; أَمْطَار maṭarāt‎; ʔamṭār
Nominative	مَطَرَاتٌ‎; أَمْطَارٌ maṭarātun‎; ʔamṭārun	الْمَطَرَاتُ‎; الْأَمْطَارُ al-maṭarātu‎; al-ʔamṭāru	مَطَرَاتُ‎; أَمْطَارُ maṭarātu‎; ʔamṭāru
Accusative	مَطَرَاتٍ‎; أَمْطَارًا maṭarātin‎; ʔamṭāran	الْمَطَرَاتِ‎; الْأَمْطَارَ al-maṭarāti‎; al-ʔamṭāra	مَطَرَاتِ‎; أَمْطَارَ maṭarāti‎; ʔamṭāra
Genitive	مَطَرَاتٍ‎; أَمْطَارٍ maṭarātin‎; ʔamṭārin	الْمَطَرَاتِ‎; الْأَمْطَارِ al-maṭarāti‎; al-ʔamṭāri	مَطَرَاتِ‎; أَمْطَارِ maṭarāti‎; ʔamṭāri

Descendants

→ Middle French: matheras, matraz, matrats
- French: matras
- → Catalan: matràs, matraç
- → English: matras, matrass
  - → Indonesian: matras
- → Galician: matraz
- → Italian: matraccio
- → New Latin: matracium
- → Portuguese: matrás
- → Spanish: matraz
→ Ottoman Turkish: مطره (matara), مطاره (metare, medara, matara)
- Turkish: matara
- → Armenian: մաթարայ (matʻaray)
- → Georgian: მათარა (matara)

References

^ Sokoloff, Michael (2002) A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, page 661a, followed by CAL, who sloppily deny it for the Jewish Babylonian Aramaic headword מַטְרְתָא (maṭərṯā) because of the difference between a dry measure and a liquid measure, although both uses are well seen in Arabic, had they looked into Dozy, who treats the semantic range extensively, however could not derive from Aramaic since its diffusion into Arabic was only worked out in that decade by Fraenkel. The formal match between the Greek and the Arabic however is, though Corriente and colleagues 2019 find metanalysis in either Aramaic and Arabic plausible, more credibly made if Aramaic mediation of the Arabic word is assumed, which means their argument fails to consider that we miss a part of the historical semantic range of the Aramaic word. Note that for the plural alone Freytag 1837, glossing, at the wrong headword مَطَر (maṭar, “rain”), more generally vasa (“vessels”), for two occurrences referenced in his dictionary, speaks of a vox peregrina (“foreign word”). To secure peregrine origin of the present Arabic term, we can add that there is no trace in the Yemeni dialect at the appropriate place in Piamenta, Moshe (1991) Dictionary of Post-Classical Yemeni Arabic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 468b.

“mṭrh²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2019), Dictionnaire des emprunts ibéro-romans. Emprunts à l’arabe et aux langues du Monde Islamique (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 421–422
Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “مطرة”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[2] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 600a
Golius, Jacob (1653) “مطرة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum, contextum ex probatioribus orientis lexicographis‎^[3] (in Latin), Leiden: Bonaventura & Abraham Elzevir, column 2240
Freytag, Georg (1837) “مطرة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[4] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 189b
Hinz, Walther (1955, 1970) Islamische Maße und Gewichte: umgerechnet ins metrische System (Handbuch der Orientalistik. Erste Abteilung: der nahe und der mittlere Osten; Ergänzungsband 1, Heft 1) (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 45
Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “مطرة”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[5] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 1122b
Lane, Edward William (1863) “مطرة”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[6], London: Williams & Norgate, page 2722a
Piamenta, Moshe (1979) “Jerusalem Arabic Lexicon”, in Arabica‎^[7], volume 26, number 3, →ISBN
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “مطرة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[8], London: W.H. Allen, page 1018a

[1] Sokoloff, Michael (2002) A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, page 661a, followed by CAL, who sloppily deny it for the Jewish Babylonian Aramaic headword מַטְרְתָא (maṭərṯā) because of the difference between a dry measure and a liquid measure, although both uses are well seen in Arabic, had they looked into Dozy, who treats the semantic range extensively, however could not derive from Aramaic since its diffusion into Arabic was only worked out in that decade by Fraenkel. The formal match between the Greek and the Arabic however is, though Corriente and colleagues 2019 find metanalysis in either Aramaic and Arabic plausible, more credibly made if Aramaic mediation of the Arabic word is assumed, which means their argument fails to consider that we miss a part of the historical semantic range of the Aramaic word. Note that for the plural alone Freytag 1837, glossing, at the wrong headword مَطَر (maṭar, “rain”), more generally vasa (“vessels”), for two occurrences referenced in his dictionary, speaks of a vox peregrina (“foreign word”). To secure peregrine origin of the present Arabic term, we can add that there is no trace in the Yemeni dialect at the appropriate place in Piamenta, Moshe (1991) Dictionary of Post-Classical Yemeni Arabic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 468b.

[1]