جحل

See also: حجل and خجل

Arabic

Alternative forms

• גחל — Judeo-Arabic

Etymology

Apparently a Middle Iranian borrowing, compare Classical Persian جَالَه (jāla), ژَالَه (žāla, “leathern bottle; a raft made by binding wood and straw together and inflated hides in the middle”), in view of the ژ (ž) itself a borrowing, apparently from a descendant of Sanskrit जाल (jāla, “a net; a bundle, collection etc.”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒaħl/

Noun

جَحْل • (jaḥl) m (plural جِحَال (jiḥāl)) (Classical Arabic)

1. greater waterskin, leathern bottle

Declension

Declension of noun جَحْل (jaḥl)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَحْل jaḥl	الْجَحْل al-jaḥl	جَحْل jaḥl
Nominative	جَحْلٌ jaḥlun	الْجَحْلُ al-jaḥlu	جَحْلُ jaḥlu
Accusative	جَحْلًا jaḥlan	الْجَحْلَ al-jaḥla	جَحْلَ jaḥla
Genitive	جَحْلٍ jaḥlin	الْجَحْلِ al-jaḥli	جَحْلِ jaḥli
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَحْلَيْن jaḥlayn	الْجَحْلَيْن al-jaḥlayn	جَحْلَيْ jaḥlay
Nominative	جَحْلَانِ jaḥlāni	الْجَحْلَانِ al-jaḥlāni	جَحْلَا jaḥlā
Accusative	جَحْلَيْنِ jaḥlayni	الْجَحْلَيْنِ al-jaḥlayni	جَحْلَيْ jaḥlay
Genitive	جَحْلَيْنِ jaḥlayni	الْجَحْلَيْنِ al-jaḥlayni	جَحْلَيْ jaḥlay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جِحَال jiḥāl	الْجِحَال al-jiḥāl	جِحَال jiḥāl
Nominative	جِحَالٌ jiḥālun	الْجِحَالُ al-jiḥālu	جِحَالُ jiḥālu
Accusative	جِحَالًا jiḥālan	الْجِحَالَ al-jiḥāla	جِحَالَ jiḥāla
Genitive	جِحَالٍ jiḥālin	الْجِحَالِ al-jiḥāli	جِحَالِ jiḥāli

Verb

جَحَلَ • (jaḥala) I (non-past يَجْحَلُ (yajḥalu), verbal noun جَحْل (jaḥl)) (Classical Arabic)

1. to throw to the ground, to prostrate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of جَحَلَ (I, sound, a ~ a, full passive, verbal noun جَحْل)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						جَحْل jaḥl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						جَاحِل jāḥil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَجْحُول majḥūl
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	جَحَلْتُ jaḥaltu	جَحَلْتَ jaḥalta	جَحَلَ jaḥala		جَحَلْتُمَا jaḥaltumā	جَحَلَا jaḥalā		جَحَلْنَا jaḥalnā	جَحَلْتُمْ jaḥaltum	جَحَلُوا jaḥalū
	f		جَحَلْتِ jaḥalti	جَحَلَتْ jaḥalat			جَحَلَتَا jaḥalatā			جَحَلْتُنَّ jaḥaltunna	جَحَلْنَ jaḥalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَجْحَلُ ʔajḥalu	تَجْحَلُ tajḥalu	يَجْحَلُ yajḥalu		تَجْحَلَانِ tajḥalāni	يَجْحَلَانِ yajḥalāni		نَجْحَلُ najḥalu	تَجْحَلُونَ tajḥalūna	يَجْحَلُونَ yajḥalūna
	f		تَجْحَلِينَ tajḥalīna	تَجْحَلُ tajḥalu			تَجْحَلَانِ tajḥalāni			تَجْحَلْنَ tajḥalna	يَجْحَلْنَ yajḥalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَجْحَلَ ʔajḥala	تَجْحَلَ tajḥala	يَجْحَلَ yajḥala		تَجْحَلَا tajḥalā	يَجْحَلَا yajḥalā		نَجْحَلَ najḥala	تَجْحَلُوا tajḥalū	يَجْحَلُوا yajḥalū
	f		تَجْحَلِي tajḥalī	تَجْحَلَ tajḥala			تَجْحَلَا tajḥalā			تَجْحَلْنَ tajḥalna	يَجْحَلْنَ yajḥalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَجْحَلْ ʔajḥal	تَجْحَلْ tajḥal	يَجْحَلْ yajḥal		تَجْحَلَا tajḥalā	يَجْحَلَا yajḥalā		نَجْحَلْ najḥal	تَجْحَلُوا tajḥalū	يَجْحَلُوا yajḥalū
	f		تَجْحَلِي tajḥalī	تَجْحَلْ tajḥal			تَجْحَلَا tajḥalā			تَجْحَلْنَ tajḥalna	يَجْحَلْنَ yajḥalna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِجْحَلْ ijḥal			اِجْحَلَا ijḥalā				اِجْحَلُوا ijḥalū
	f		اِجْحَلِي ijḥalī							اِجْحَلْنَ ijḥalna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	جُحِلْتُ juḥiltu	جُحِلْتَ juḥilta	جُحِلَ juḥila		جُحِلْتُمَا juḥiltumā	جُحِلَا juḥilā		جُحِلْنَا juḥilnā	جُحِلْتُمْ juḥiltum	جُحِلُوا juḥilū
	f		جُحِلْتِ juḥilti	جُحِلَتْ juḥilat			جُحِلَتَا juḥilatā			جُحِلْتُنَّ juḥiltunna	جُحِلْنَ juḥilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُجْحَلُ ʔujḥalu	تُجْحَلُ tujḥalu	يُجْحَلُ yujḥalu		تُجْحَلَانِ tujḥalāni	يُجْحَلَانِ yujḥalāni		نُجْحَلُ nujḥalu	تُجْحَلُونَ tujḥalūna	يُجْحَلُونَ yujḥalūna
	f		تُجْحَلِينَ tujḥalīna	تُجْحَلُ tujḥalu			تُجْحَلَانِ tujḥalāni			تُجْحَلْنَ tujḥalna	يُجْحَلْنَ yujḥalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُجْحَلَ ʔujḥala	تُجْحَلَ tujḥala	يُجْحَلَ yujḥala		تُجْحَلَا tujḥalā	يُجْحَلَا yujḥalā		نُجْحَلَ nujḥala	تُجْحَلُوا tujḥalū	يُجْحَلُوا yujḥalū
	f		تُجْحَلِي tujḥalī	تُجْحَلَ tujḥala			تُجْحَلَا tujḥalā			تُجْحَلْنَ tujḥalna	يُجْحَلْنَ yujḥalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُجْحَلْ ʔujḥal	تُجْحَلْ tujḥal	يُجْحَلْ yujḥal		تُجْحَلَا tujḥalā	يُجْحَلَا yujḥalā		نُجْحَلْ nujḥal	تُجْحَلُوا tujḥalū	يُجْحَلُوا yujḥalū
	f		تُجْحَلِي tujḥalī	تُجْحَلْ tujḥal			تُجْحَلَا tujḥalā			تُجْحَلْنَ tujḥalna	يُجْحَلْنَ yujḥalna

References

• Freytag, Georg (1830) “جحل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 247b
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “جحل”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 257a
• Vullers, Johann August (1855) “جالَه”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[3] (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 500
• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “ژالَه”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[4] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 175b
• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “مَشک”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[5] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 1185b
• Wahrmund, Adolf (1887) “جحل”, in Handwörterbuch der neu-arabischen und deutschen Sprache‎^[6] (in German), volume 1, Gießen: J. Ricker’sche Buchhandlung, page 412