لبد
Appearance
Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Aramaic לִיבְדָּא (liḇdā, “felt”),[1][2][3] with everything else under the root from this noun, as sensibly also Classical Syriac ܠܒܕ (“to compact, to press together”) and related verb stems.
Noun
[edit]لِبْد • (libd) m (plural لُبُود (lubūd) or أَلْبَاد (ʔalbād))
- felt
- a. 869, الْجَاحِظ [al-jāḥiẓ], “باب ما يُجلب من البلدان من طرائف السلع والأمتعة والجواري والأحجار وغير ذلك [What one imports from strange countries in items, commodities, she-slaves, stones and else.]”, in التَبَصُّر بِٱلتِّجَارَة [at-tabaṣṣur bi-t-tijāra][1]:
- ومن أرمينية وأذربيجان: اللُّبُود … والبراذع والفُرُش والبُسُط الرِّقاق والتِّكَك والصوف.
- And from Armenia and Azerbayjān one gets felts, … (something unreadable) pack-saddles, furnishing fabrics, fine carpets, girdles, and wool.
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun لِبْد (libd)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لِبْد libd |
اللِّبْد al-libd |
لِبْد libd |
Nominative | لِبْدٌ libdun |
اللِّبْدُ al-libdu |
لِبْدُ libdu |
Accusative | لِبْدًا libdan |
اللِّبْدَ al-libda |
لِبْدَ libda |
Genitive | لِبْدٍ libdin |
اللِّبْدِ al-libdi |
لِبْدِ libdi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | لِبْدَيْن libdayn |
اللِّبْدَيْن al-libdayn |
لِبْدَيْ libday |
Nominative | لِبْدَانِ libdāni |
اللِّبْدَانِ al-libdāni |
لِبْدَا libdā |
Accusative | لِبْدَيْنِ libdayni |
اللِّبْدَيْنِ al-libdayni |
لِبْدَيْ libday |
Genitive | لِبْدَيْنِ libdayni |
اللِّبْدَيْنِ al-libdayni |
لِبْدَيْ libday |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لُبُود; أَلْبَاد lubūd; ʔalbād |
اللُّبُود; الْأَلْبَاد al-lubūd; al-ʔalbād |
لُبُود; أَلْبَاد lubūd; ʔalbād |
Nominative | لُبُودٌ; أَلْبَادٌ lubūdun; ʔalbādun |
اللُّبُودُ; الْأَلْبَادُ al-lubūdu; al-ʔalbādu |
لُبُودُ; أَلْبَادُ lubūdu; ʔalbādu |
Accusative | لُبُودًا; أَلْبَادًا lubūdan; ʔalbādan |
اللُّبُودَ; الْأَلْبَادَ al-lubūda; al-ʔalbāda |
لُبُودَ; أَلْبَادَ lubūda; ʔalbāda |
Genitive | لُبُودٍ; أَلْبَادٍ lubūdin; ʔalbādin |
اللُّبُودِ; الْأَلْبَادِ al-lubūdi; al-ʔalbādi |
لُبُودِ; أَلْبَادِ lubūdi; ʔalbādi |
Noun
[edit]لَبَد • (labad) m
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun لَبَد (labad)
Adjective
[edit]لَبِد • (labid)
Declension
[edit]Declension of adjective لَبِد (labid)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | لَبِد labid |
اللَّبِد al-labid |
لَبِدَة labida |
اللَّبِدَة al-labida |
Nominative | لَبِدٌ labidun |
اللَّبِدُ al-labidu |
لَبِدَةٌ labidatun |
اللَّبِدَةُ al-labidatu |
Accusative | لَبِدًا labidan |
اللَّبِدَ al-labida |
لَبِدَةً labidatan |
اللَّبِدَةَ al-labidata |
Genitive | لَبِدٍ labidin |
اللَّبِدِ al-labidi |
لَبِدَةٍ labidatin |
اللَّبِدَةِ al-labidati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | لَبِدَيْن labidayn |
اللَّبِدَيْن al-labidayn |
لَبِدَتَيْن labidatayn |
اللَّبِدَتَيْن al-labidatayn |
Nominative | لَبِدَانِ labidāni |
اللَّبِدَانِ al-labidāni |
لَبِدَتَانِ labidatāni |
اللَّبِدَتَانِ al-labidatāni |
Accusative | لَبِدَيْنِ labidayni |
اللَّبِدَيْنِ al-labidayni |
لَبِدَتَيْنِ labidatayni |
اللَّبِدَتَيْنِ al-labidatayni |
Genitive | لَبِدَيْنِ labidayni |
اللَّبِدَيْنِ al-labidayni |
لَبِدَتَيْنِ labidatayni |
اللَّبِدَتَيْنِ al-labidatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
plural unknown | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ? ? |
? ? |
لَبِدَات labidāt |
اللَّبِدَات al-labidāt |
Nominative | ? ? |
? ? |
لَبِدَاتٌ labidātun |
اللَّبِدَاتُ al-labidātu |
Accusative | ? ? |
? ? |
لَبِدَاتٍ labidātin |
اللَّبِدَاتِ al-labidāti |
Genitive | ? ? |
? ? |
لَبِدَاتٍ labidātin |
اللَّبِدَاتِ al-labidāti |
Noun
[edit]لِبَد • (libad) pl
Noun
[edit]لُبَد • (lubad) pl
Verb
[edit]لَبَدَ • (labada) I (non-past يَلْبُدُ (yalbudu), verbal noun لُبُود (lubūd))
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of لَبَدَ (I, sound, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal noun لُبُود)
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
لُبُود lubūd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
لَابِد lābid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَلْبُود malbūd | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | لَبَدْتُ labadtu |
لَبَدْتَ labadta |
لَبَدَ labada |
لَبَدْتُمَا labadtumā |
لَبَدَا labadā |
لَبَدْنَا labadnā |
لَبَدْتُمْ labadtum |
لَبَدُوا labadū | |||
f | لَبَدْتِ labadti |
لَبَدَتْ labadat |
لَبَدَتَا labadatā |
لَبَدْتُنَّ labadtunna |
لَبَدْنَ labadna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَلْبُدُ ʔalbudu |
تَلْبُدُ talbudu |
يَلْبُدُ yalbudu |
تَلْبُدَانِ talbudāni |
يَلْبُدَانِ yalbudāni |
نَلْبُدُ nalbudu |
تَلْبُدُونَ talbudūna |
يَلْبُدُونَ yalbudūna | |||
f | تَلْبُدِينَ talbudīna |
تَلْبُدُ talbudu |
تَلْبُدَانِ talbudāni |
تَلْبُدْنَ talbudna |
يَلْبُدْنَ yalbudna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَلْبُدَ ʔalbuda |
تَلْبُدَ talbuda |
يَلْبُدَ yalbuda |
تَلْبُدَا talbudā |
يَلْبُدَا yalbudā |
نَلْبُدَ nalbuda |
تَلْبُدُوا talbudū |
يَلْبُدُوا yalbudū | |||
f | تَلْبُدِي talbudī |
تَلْبُدَ talbuda |
تَلْبُدَا talbudā |
تَلْبُدْنَ talbudna |
يَلْبُدْنَ yalbudna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَلْبُدْ ʔalbud |
تَلْبُدْ talbud |
يَلْبُدْ yalbud |
تَلْبُدَا talbudā |
يَلْبُدَا yalbudā |
نَلْبُدْ nalbud |
تَلْبُدُوا talbudū |
يَلْبُدُوا yalbudū | |||
f | تَلْبُدِي talbudī |
تَلْبُدْ talbud |
تَلْبُدَا talbudā |
تَلْبُدْنَ talbudna |
يَلْبُدْنَ yalbudna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اُلْبُدْ ulbud |
اُلْبُدَا ulbudā |
اُلْبُدُوا ulbudū |
||||||||
f | اُلْبُدِي ulbudī |
اُلْبُدْنَ ulbudna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | لُبِدْتُ lubidtu |
لُبِدْتَ lubidta |
لُبِدَ lubida |
لُبِدْتُمَا lubidtumā |
لُبِدَا lubidā |
لُبِدْنَا lubidnā |
لُبِدْتُمْ lubidtum |
لُبِدُوا lubidū | |||
f | لُبِدْتِ lubidti |
لُبِدَتْ lubidat |
لُبِدَتَا lubidatā |
لُبِدْتُنَّ lubidtunna |
لُبِدْنَ lubidna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُلْبَدُ ʔulbadu |
تُلْبَدُ tulbadu |
يُلْبَدُ yulbadu |
تُلْبَدَانِ tulbadāni |
يُلْبَدَانِ yulbadāni |
نُلْبَدُ nulbadu |
تُلْبَدُونَ tulbadūna |
يُلْبَدُونَ yulbadūna | |||
f | تُلْبَدِينَ tulbadīna |
تُلْبَدُ tulbadu |
تُلْبَدَانِ tulbadāni |
تُلْبَدْنَ tulbadna |
يُلْبَدْنَ yulbadna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُلْبَدَ ʔulbada |
تُلْبَدَ tulbada |
يُلْبَدَ yulbada |
تُلْبَدَا tulbadā |
يُلْبَدَا yulbadā |
نُلْبَدَ nulbada |
تُلْبَدُوا tulbadū |
يُلْبَدُوا yulbadū | |||
f | تُلْبَدِي tulbadī |
تُلْبَدَ tulbada |
تُلْبَدَا tulbadā |
تُلْبَدْنَ tulbadna |
يُلْبَدْنَ yulbadna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُلْبَدْ ʔulbad |
تُلْبَدْ tulbad |
يُلْبَدْ yulbad |
تُلْبَدَا tulbadā |
يُلْبَدَا yulbadā |
نُلْبَدْ nulbad |
تُلْبَدُوا tulbadū |
يُلْبَدُوا yulbadū | |||
f | تُلْبَدِي tulbadī |
تُلْبَدْ tulbad |
تُلْبَدَا tulbadā |
تُلْبَدْنَ tulbadna |
يُلْبَدْنَ yulbadna |
Verb
[edit]لَبَّدَ • (labbada) II (non-past يُلَبِّدُ (yulabbidu), verbal noun تَلْبِيد (talbīd))
- to cause to stick together, to fix upon
- to cover or mat with felt or wool, to make a felt structure
- to waulk, to full
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of لَبَّدَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَلْبِيد)
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَلْبِيد talbīd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُلَبِّد mulabbid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُلَبَّد mulabbad | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | لَبَّدْتُ labbadtu |
لَبَّدْتَ labbadta |
لَبَّدَ labbada |
لَبَّدْتُمَا labbadtumā |
لَبَّدَا labbadā |
لَبَّدْنَا labbadnā |
لَبَّدْتُمْ labbadtum |
لَبَّدُوا labbadū | |||
f | لَبَّدْتِ labbadti |
لَبَّدَتْ labbadat |
لَبَّدَتَا labbadatā |
لَبَّدْتُنَّ labbadtunna |
لَبَّدْنَ labbadna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُلَبِّدُ ʔulabbidu |
تُلَبِّدُ tulabbidu |
يُلَبِّدُ yulabbidu |
تُلَبِّدَانِ tulabbidāni |
يُلَبِّدَانِ yulabbidāni |
نُلَبِّدُ nulabbidu |
تُلَبِّدُونَ tulabbidūna |
يُلَبِّدُونَ yulabbidūna | |||
f | تُلَبِّدِينَ tulabbidīna |
تُلَبِّدُ tulabbidu |
تُلَبِّدَانِ tulabbidāni |
تُلَبِّدْنَ tulabbidna |
يُلَبِّدْنَ yulabbidna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُلَبِّدَ ʔulabbida |
تُلَبِّدَ tulabbida |
يُلَبِّدَ yulabbida |
تُلَبِّدَا tulabbidā |
يُلَبِّدَا yulabbidā |
نُلَبِّدَ nulabbida |
تُلَبِّدُوا tulabbidū |
يُلَبِّدُوا yulabbidū | |||
f | تُلَبِّدِي tulabbidī |
تُلَبِّدَ tulabbida |
تُلَبِّدَا tulabbidā |
تُلَبِّدْنَ tulabbidna |
يُلَبِّدْنَ yulabbidna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُلَبِّدْ ʔulabbid |
تُلَبِّدْ tulabbid |
يُلَبِّدْ yulabbid |
تُلَبِّدَا tulabbidā |
يُلَبِّدَا yulabbidā |
نُلَبِّدْ nulabbid |
تُلَبِّدُوا tulabbidū |
يُلَبِّدُوا yulabbidū | |||
f | تُلَبِّدِي tulabbidī |
تُلَبِّدْ tulabbid |
تُلَبِّدَا tulabbidā |
تُلَبِّدْنَ tulabbidna |
يُلَبِّدْنَ yulabbidna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | لَبِّدْ labbid |
لَبِّدَا labbidā |
لَبِّدُوا labbidū |
||||||||
f | لَبِّدِي labbidī |
لَبِّدْنَ labbidna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | لُبِّدْتُ lubbidtu |
لُبِّدْتَ lubbidta |
لُبِّدَ lubbida |
لُبِّدْتُمَا lubbidtumā |
لُبِّدَا lubbidā |
لُبِّدْنَا lubbidnā |
لُبِّدْتُمْ lubbidtum |
لُبِّدُوا lubbidū | |||
f | لُبِّدْتِ lubbidti |
لُبِّدَتْ lubbidat |
لُبِّدَتَا lubbidatā |
لُبِّدْتُنَّ lubbidtunna |
لُبِّدْنَ lubbidna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُلَبَّدُ ʔulabbadu |
تُلَبَّدُ tulabbadu |
يُلَبَّدُ yulabbadu |
تُلَبَّدَانِ tulabbadāni |
يُلَبَّدَانِ yulabbadāni |
نُلَبَّدُ nulabbadu |
تُلَبَّدُونَ tulabbadūna |
يُلَبَّدُونَ yulabbadūna | |||
f | تُلَبَّدِينَ tulabbadīna |
تُلَبَّدُ tulabbadu |
تُلَبَّدَانِ tulabbadāni |
تُلَبَّدْنَ tulabbadna |
يُلَبَّدْنَ yulabbadna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُلَبَّدَ ʔulabbada |
تُلَبَّدَ tulabbada |
يُلَبَّدَ yulabbada |
تُلَبَّدَا tulabbadā |
يُلَبَّدَا yulabbadā |
نُلَبَّدَ nulabbada |
تُلَبَّدُوا tulabbadū |
يُلَبَّدُوا yulabbadū | |||
f | تُلَبَّدِي tulabbadī |
تُلَبَّدَ tulabbada |
تُلَبَّدَا tulabbadā |
تُلَبَّدْنَ tulabbadna |
يُلَبَّدْنَ yulabbadna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُلَبَّدْ ʔulabbad |
تُلَبَّدْ tulabbad |
يُلَبَّدْ yulabbad |
تُلَبَّدَا tulabbadā |
يُلَبَّدَا yulabbadā |
نُلَبَّدْ nulabbad |
تُلَبَّدُوا tulabbadū |
يُلَبَّدُوا yulabbadū | |||
f | تُلَبَّدِي tulabbadī |
تُلَبَّدْ tulabbad |
تُلَبَّدَا tulabbadā |
تُلَبَّدْنَ tulabbadna |
يُلَبَّدْنَ yulabbadna |
References
[edit]- ^ Sokoloff, Michael (2002) A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, page 624b
- ^ Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 103
- ^ Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 1136 who also suggest the Aramaic being altered from the etymon of نَمَط (namaṭ).
Further reading
[edit]- Freytag, Georg (1837) “لبد”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 80
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “لبد”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[3] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 958
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (2020) “لبد”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 6th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 821
- “lbd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “lbd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
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