فراموش

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (pl(ʾ)mwš /⁠fra/ā-mōš⁠/, “forgotten”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *fra- (“forward”) + *ā- (“to, at”) + *marš- (“to forget”), the latter two components from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“to, at”) + *mers- (“to forget, annoy, disturb, neglect”).

Cognates include Baluchi شموشگ (šamóšag, “to forget”), English mar (“to spoil, damage”), Armenian մոռանալ (moṙanal, “to forget, fail”), Sanskrit मृष्यति (mṛṣyati, “to forget”), Latvian aizmirst (“to forget”), Tocharian A märs- (“to forget”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [fa.ɾɑː.ˈmoːʃ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fä.ɾɑː.móːʃ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fä.ɾɑː.móːʃ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [fä.ɾɑː.móːʃ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [fä.ɾɔː.mʊ́ːʃ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [fæ.ɹɒː.múːʃ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [fä.ɾɔ.mɵ́ʃ]

Readings
Classical reading?	farāmōš
Dari reading?	farāmōš
Iranian reading?	farâmuš
Tajik reading?	faromüš

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Adjective

فراموش • (farâmuš)

Dari	فراموش
Iranian Persian
Tajik	фаромӯш

1. forgotten

   Synonym: از یاد رفته (az yâd rafte)

   • c. 1260, Rumi, “3:3076”, in The Masnavi:

     چون فراموش خودی یادت کنند، بنده گشتی آنگه آزادت کنند

     čun farâmuš-e xod-i yâd-at konand, bande gašt-i ân gah âzâd-at konand.

     When you are forgetful of yourself, then you are remembered; when you have become a slave, then you are set free.

Derived terms

• فراموشی (farâmuši)
• فراموشکار (farâmuškâr)
• فراموش کردن (farâmuš kardan)
• فراموش شدن (farâmuš šodan)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “فراموش”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “pl(ʾ)mwš”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 32
• Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 181
• Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 306
• Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 268

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian فراموش (farāmōš).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /fə.ɾɑː.moːʃ/

Adjective

فَراموش • (farāmoś) (Hindi spelling फ़रामोश)

1. forgotten

Related terms

• فراموشی (farāmośī)