شيرة

Arabic

Alternative forms

• شَيْرَى (šayrā), شَيْرُون (šayrūn)

Etymology

Surely an Aramaic borrowing, with varying reflex of the emphatic state and -ōn diminutive ending, probably a particular sense of שֵׁירָא / ܫܶܐܪܳܐ (šērā), otherwise known as “bracelet” like سِوَار (siwār) and also a kind of ring-shaped restraint around the head of a beast.

There is also Jewish Babylonian Aramaic שׁוּגְרְיָא (šūgrəyā, “basket woven of palm-leaves for dates”), derived from Akkadian 𒋗𒍀 (šu-guru₅ /⁠šugrû⁠/, “basket; a processed form of dates”) and that from Sumerian 𒋗𒍀 (šu-guru₅), passed also into Arabic as شَوْغَرَة (šawḡara, “pannier of dates”).

شَجَر (šajar), also vocalized in a foreign fashion شِجَر (šijar) and شِجَار (šijār), used in the meaning “fig trees” in al-Andalus and Morocco, may be a kindred borrowing, the etymon being attested as שִׁיגְרָא, שִׁגְרָא (šiḡrā, “dried or pressed dates”). As in ثَمَر (ṯamar, “fruits”) against تَمْر (tamr, “dates”), the meaning has then generalized from “figs” to “trees”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃaj.ra/

Noun

شَيْرَة • (šayra) f (plural شَيْرَات (šayrāt))

1. threaded fillet of sparterie for the transport as well as sale of figs, pannier, two-handed frail

Declension

Declension of noun شَيْرَة (šayra)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَيْرَة šayra	الشَّيْرَة aš-šayra	شَيْرَة šayrat
Nominative	شَيْرَةٌ šayratun	الشَّيْرَةُ aš-šayratu	شَيْرَةُ šayratu
Accusative	شَيْرَةً šayratan	الشَّيْرَةَ aš-šayrata	شَيْرَةَ šayrata
Genitive	شَيْرَةٍ šayratin	الشَّيْرَةِ aš-šayrati	شَيْرَةِ šayrati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَيْرَتَيْن šayratayn	الشَّيْرَتَيْن aš-šayratayn	شَيْرَتَيْ šayratay
Nominative	شَيْرَتَانِ šayratāni	الشَّيْرَتَانِ aš-šayratāni	شَيْرَتَا šayratā
Accusative	شَيْرَتَيْنِ šayratayni	الشَّيْرَتَيْنِ aš-šayratayni	شَيْرَتَيْ šayratay
Genitive	شَيْرَتَيْنِ šayratayni	الشَّيْرَتَيْنِ aš-šayratayni	شَيْرَتَيْ šayratay
Plural	sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَيْرَات šayrāt	الشَّيْرَات aš-šayrāt	شَيْرَات šayrāt
Nominative	شَيْرَاتٌ šayrātun	الشَّيْرَاتُ aš-šayrātu	شَيْرَاتُ šayrātu
Accusative	شَيْرَاتٍ šayrātin	الشَّيْرَاتِ aš-šayrāti	شَيْرَاتِ šayrāti
Genitive	شَيْرَاتٍ šayrātin	الشَّيْرَاتِ aš-šayrāti	شَيْرَاتِ šayrāti

References

Primary witnesses

شَيْرَة (šayra)

1871, Celestino Schiaparelli, “شيرة”, in Vocabulista in arabico. Pubblicato per la prima volta sopra un codice della Biblioteca Riccardiana di Firenze, Firenze: Tipografia dei successori Le Monnier, page 127:

plural شَوَارِيّ (šawāriyy) of شَيْرَى (šayrā)

a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII^e siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎^[1], number 2, published 1934, pages 225 (٣٣) line 3 and 226 (٣٤) 16:

diminutive شَيْرُون (šayrūn) and شَوَارِن (šawārin) (with dialectal shortening)

1871, Celestino Schiaparelli, “شيرة”, in Vocabulista in arabico. Pubblicato per la prima volta sopra un codice della Biblioteca Riccardiana di Firenze, Firenze: Tipografia dei successori Le Monnier, page 589:

plural شَيْرَات (šayrāt)

a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII^e siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎^[2], number 2, published 1934, page 233 (٤١) 1:

a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII^e siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎^[3], number 2, published 1934, page 236 (٤٤) 6:

Secondary witnesses

• Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 747
• Corriente, F. (1997) A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 29)‎^[4], Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 298a
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 78, where the Löw reference allegedly page 18 is Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎^[5] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 124 Nr. 78
• Ibn ʿAbdūn (a. 1135) “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII^e siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎^[6], number 2, published 1934, page 277
• Sokoloff, Michael (2002) “שׁוּגְרְיָא”, in A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, page 1115b
• Stuhlmann, Franz (1912) Ein kulturgeschichtlicher Ausflug in den Aures (Atlas von Süd-Algerien): nebst Betrachtungen über die Berber-Völker (Abhandlungen des Hamburgischen Kolonialinstituts; X)‎^[7] (in German), Hamburg: L. Friederichsen & Co., page 174a: in Tunis شواري (šwārī, “double saddlebag”)
• “šwgry)”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “šuguru”, in The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary‎^[8], University of Pennsylvania, 2006

Gulf Arabic

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -rə

Etymology 1

From Arabic شَجَرَة (šajara, “tree”).

Noun

شْيَرَة • (šyara) f (plural شِيَر (šiyar))

1. tree

Etymology 2

From Persian شیره (šire).

Noun

شيرة • (šīra) f (plural شيرات (šīrāt) or شير (šiyar)) (usually uncountable)

1. syrup

Hijazi Arabic

شيرة

Etymology

From Persian شیره (šire).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃiː.ra/

Noun

شيرة • (šīra) f (plural شيرات (širāt))

1. syrup

   Synonym: قِطِر (giṭir)