شهاب

Arabic

Root
ش ه ب (š h b)
2 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃi.haːb/

Noun

شِهَاب • (šihāb) m (plural شُهُب (šuhub) or شُهْبَان (šuhbān) or شِهْبَان (šihbān) or أَشْهُب (ʔašhub))

1. brand, blaze, burning flame
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 15:18:

     إِلَّا مَنِ ٱسْتَرَقَ ٱلسَّمْعَ فَأَتْبَعَهُ شِهَابٌ مُّبِينٌ

     ʔillā mani staraqa s-samʕa faʔatbaʕahu šihābun mubīnun

     Except one who steals a hearing and is pursued by a clear burning flame.

2. brand, a feeling of inflammation or irritation on the body
   • a. 1050, مروان بن جناح [Marwān ibn Janāḥ], edited by Gerrit Bos, Fabian Käs, كتاب التلخيص [kitāb at-talḵīṣ], Leiden: Brill, published 2020, →DOI, →ISBN, 802 (fol. 68r,1–5), page 938:

     الصاب هو العلقم، وقال أبو حنيفة: الصاب شجر إذا اعتصر خرج منه كهيئة اللبن، فربّما نزتْ منه نزية، أي قطرة، فتقع في العين فكأنّها شهاب نار، وربّما أضعفت البصر.

     Aṣ-ṣāb is the squirting cucumber. Abū Ḥanīfa said: Aṣ-ṣāb is a shrub from which one brings out a milkish sap on squeeze. If a squirt, that is to say a single drop of it, touches the eye, it is afterwards [hurting] like fire-brand. It potentially weakens the eyesight.

3. meteor

Declension

Declension of noun شِهَاب (šihāb)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شِهَاب šihāb	الشِّهَاب aš-šihāb	شِهَاب šihāb
Nominative	شِهَابٌ šihābun	الشِّهَابُ aš-šihābu	شِهَابُ šihābu
Accusative	شِهَابًا šihāban	الشِّهَابَ aš-šihāba	شِهَابَ šihāba
Genitive	شِهَابٍ šihābin	الشِّهَابِ aš-šihābi	شِهَابِ šihābi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شِهَابَيْن šihābayn	الشِّهَابَيْن aš-šihābayn	شِهَابَيْ šihābay
Nominative	شِهَابَانِ šihābāni	الشِّهَابَانِ aš-šihābāni	شِهَابَا šihābā
Accusative	شِهَابَيْنِ šihābayni	الشِّهَابَيْنِ aš-šihābayni	شِهَابَيْ šihābay
Genitive	شِهَابَيْنِ šihābayni	الشِّهَابَيْنِ aš-šihābayni	شِهَابَيْ šihābay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شُهُب‎; شُهْبَان‎; شِهْبَان‎; أَشْهُب šuhub‎; šuhbān‎; šihbān‎; ʔašhub	الشُّهُب‎; الشُّهْبَان‎; الشِّهْبَان‎; الْأَشْهُب aš-šuhub‎; aš-šuhbān‎; aš-šihbān‎; al-ʔašhub	شُهُب‎; شُهْبَان‎; شِهْبَان‎; أَشْهُب šuhub‎; šuhbān‎; šihbān‎; ʔašhub
Nominative	شُهُبٌ‎; شُهْبَانٌ‎; شِهْبَانٌ‎; أَشْهُبٌ šuhubun‎; šuhbānun‎; šihbānun‎; ʔašhubun	الشُّهُبُ‎; الشُّهْبَانُ‎; الشِّهْبَانُ‎; الْأَشْهُبُ aš-šuhubu‎; aš-šuhbānu‎; aš-šihbānu‎; al-ʔašhubu	شُهُبُ‎; شُهْبَانُ‎; شِهْبَانُ‎; أَشْهُبُ šuhubu‎; šuhbānu‎; šihbānu‎; ʔašhubu
Accusative	شُهُبًا‎; شُهْبَانًا‎; شِهْبَانًا‎; أَشْهُبًا šuhuban‎; šuhbānan‎; šihbānan‎; ʔašhuban	الشُّهُبَ‎; الشُّهْبَانَ‎; الشِّهْبَانَ‎; الْأَشْهُبَ aš-šuhuba‎; aš-šuhbāna‎; aš-šihbāna‎; al-ʔašhuba	شُهُبَ‎; شُهْبَانَ‎; شِهْبَانَ‎; أَشْهُبَ šuhuba‎; šuhbāna‎; šihbāna‎; ʔašhuba
Genitive	شُهُبٍ‎; شُهْبَانٍ‎; شِهْبَانٍ‎; أَشْهُبٍ šuhubin‎; šuhbānin‎; šihbānin‎; ʔašhubin	الشُّهُبِ‎; الشُّهْبَانِ‎; الشِّهْبَانِ‎; الْأَشْهُبِ aš-šuhubi‎; aš-šuhbāni‎; aš-šihbāni‎; al-ʔašhubi	شُهُبِ‎; شُهْبَانِ‎; شِهْبَانِ‎; أَشْهُبِ šuhubi‎; šuhbāni‎; šihbāni‎; ʔašhubi

Descendants

• → Persian: شهاب (šahâb)
  • → Bengali: শাহাব (śahab)
• → Medieval Latin: asub, assub
  • → Italian: asub
  • → Old Armenian: ասուպ (asup)
    • → Armenian: ասուպ (asup)
• → Ottoman Turkish: شهاب (şehab, şihab), շէհապ (şehab), շիհապ (şihab) — Armeno-Turkish
  • Turkish: şahap

Proper noun

شِهَاب • (šihāb) ?

1. a surname

Further reading

• West, Andrew F. (1891) “Lexicographical Gleanings from the Philobiblon of Richard de Bury”, in Transactions of the American Philological Association, volume 22, page 100

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

• շէհապ (şehab), շիհապ (şihab) — Armeno-Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شِهَاب (šihāb).

Noun

شهاب • (şehab, şihab) (plural شهب or شهبان)

1. flame
2. shining star
3. shooting star, meteor
4. energetic, efficient man

Derived terms

• شهاب الدین (şehab ed-din)
• شهاب ثاقب (şehab sakıb)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: şahap

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شهاب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 737b
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شهاب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1142b
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “şahab”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4413a

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شِهَاب (šihāb).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʃa.ˈhɑːβ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃä.ɦɑ́ːb]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃä.ɦɑ́ːb]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʃɑːɑ́ːb]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʃɔːɔ́ːb̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃæ.ɦɒ́ːb̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃä.ɦɔ́b]

Readings
Classical reading?	šahāḇ
Dari reading?	šahāb
Iranian reading?	šahâb
Tajik reading?	šahob

Noun

شهاب • (šahâb) (plural شهاب‌ها (šahâb-hâ))

1. meteor
2. shooting star

Related terms

• شهابی (šahâbi)
• شهاب‌وار (šahâb-vâr)
• شهاب‌سنگ (šahâb-sang)

Proper noun

شهاب • (šahâb)

1. a male given name, Shahab, from Arabic