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ريحان

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ریحان

Arabic

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FWOTD – 6 January 2022
رَيْحَان – Ocimum basilicum
رَيْحَان - Myrtus communis
Arabic Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ar

Etymology

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رِيح (rīḥ, “scent, odor”) +‎ ـَان (-ān). Judging by the form and early meaning, Löw and Nöldeke opt for a borrowing from Aramaic ריחא / ܪܝܚܐ (rēḥā), which is widely used in the plural, ריחני / ܪ̈ܝܚ̈ܢܐ (rēḥānē) in the construct state, for various aromatics.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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رَيْحَان • (rayḥān) m (collective, singulative رَيْحَانَة f (rayḥāna), plural رَيَاحِين (rayāḥīn))

  1. (now literary, often in the plural) fragrant plant, aromatic herb
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 55:10-12:
      وَٱلْأَرْضَ وَضَعَهَا لِلْأَنَامِ / فِيهَا فَاكِهَةٌ وَٱلنَّخْلُ ذَاتُ ٱلْأَكْمَامِ / وَٱلْحَبُّ ذُو ٱلْعَصْفِ وَٱلرَّيْحَانُ
      wal-ʔarḍa waḍaʕahā lilʔanāmi / fīhā fākihatun wan-naḵlu ḏātu l-ʔakmāmi / wal-ḥabbu ḏū l-ʕaṣfi war-rayḥānu
      And the earth has He spread out for all living beings, with fruit thereon, and palm trees with sheathed clusters [of dates], and grain growing tall on its stalks, and sweet-smelling plants.
  2. basil (Ocimum gen. et spp.)
    Synonym: حَبَق (ḥabaq)
  3. (al-Andalus, Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Tunisia, Cyprus) myrtle (Myrtus gen. et spp.)
    Synonyms: آس (ʔās), مَرْسِين (marsīn), هَدَس (hadas), قُمَام (qumām)
    • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 29, Art. 15, pages 383–384:
      والكتم قال أبو الخير هو ثلاثة أنواع منها ما له ورق عريض مثل ورق الآس الذي ينبت في الشعرى وهو يعلو كثيرا ويأخذ من التدويح وورقه مشرفة مثل تشريف المنشار ومنه نوع آخر له ورق دون الأول في العرض وتعظم شجرته أيضا وله حب في قدر حب الفلفل والريحان ويعتصر منه دهن يستصبح به ونوع آخر له ورق طويل دقيق مثل ورق المسان وقيل إن مما جرب فصح إنه إن سقى من عصارة ورقه ثمانية دراهم لمن عضه الكلب فإنه يبرئ في ذلك اليوم ويخلص بإذن الله تعالى وأن فزع من الماء فإنه يبرئ والكتم هو شبيه للحناء ويجفف ورقه ويدق نعما ويخلط بالحناء وخضب به الشعر.
      About the mock privet says Abū al-Ḵayr that there are three kinds of it: The first has wide leaves similar to the leaves of the myrtle which grows in the maquis and it becomes very high and swollen and its leaves are humped like a saw, the second has leaves of lesser width but its tree is also poddy and its seeds are of the size of the seeds of peppers and myrtles and from them one can press oil for lighting, and another kind has long delicate leaves like sandpaper and it is said if someone is affected by scabies then he will regain health, that if he whom a dog has bitten drinks eight dirhem from the extract of its leaves he will becomes free from the ailment the same day and cleansed of it if God is gracious; so that he will fear water but he will be free of the pest. Mock privet is similar to henna and one dries its leaves and crushes them well and mixes with henna and dyes the hair with it.

Declension

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Declension of noun رَيْحَان (rayḥān)
Collective basic collective triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رَيْحَان
rayḥān 		الرَّيْحَان
ar-rayḥān 		رَيْحَان
rayḥān
Nominative رَيْحَانٌ
rayḥānun 		الرَّيْحَانُ
ar-rayḥānu 		رَيْحَانُ
rayḥānu
Accusative رَيْحَانًا
rayḥānan 		الرَّيْحَانَ
ar-rayḥāna 		رَيْحَانَ
rayḥāna
Genitive رَيْحَانٍ
rayḥānin 		الرَّيْحَانِ
ar-rayḥāni 		رَيْحَانِ
rayḥāni
Singulative singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رَيْحَانَة
rayḥāna 		الرَّيْحَانَة
ar-rayḥāna 		رَيْحَانَة
rayḥānat
Nominative رَيْحَانَةٌ
rayḥānatun 		الرَّيْحَانَةُ
ar-rayḥānatu 		رَيْحَانَةُ
rayḥānatu
Accusative رَيْحَانَةً
rayḥānatan 		الرَّيْحَانَةَ
ar-rayḥānata 		رَيْحَانَةَ
rayḥānata
Genitive رَيْحَانَةٍ
rayḥānatin 		الرَّيْحَانَةِ
ar-rayḥānati 		رَيْحَانَةِ
rayḥānati
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رَيْحَانَتَيْن
rayḥānatayn 		الرَّيْحَانَتَيْن
ar-rayḥānatayn 		رَيْحَانَتَيْ
rayḥānatay
Nominative رَيْحَانَتَانِ
rayḥānatāni 		الرَّيْحَانَتَانِ
ar-rayḥānatāni 		رَيْحَانَتَا
rayḥānatā
Accusative رَيْحَانَتَيْنِ
rayḥānatayni 		الرَّيْحَانَتَيْنِ
ar-rayḥānatayni 		رَيْحَانَتَيْ
rayḥānatay
Genitive رَيْحَانَتَيْنِ
rayḥānatayni 		الرَّيْحَانَتَيْنِ
ar-rayḥānatayni 		رَيْحَانَتَيْ
rayḥānatay
Paucal (3-10) sound feminine paucal
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رَيْحَانَات
rayḥānāt 		الرَّيْحَانَات
ar-rayḥānāt 		رَيْحَانَات
rayḥānāt
Nominative رَيْحَانَاتٌ
rayḥānātun 		الرَّيْحَانَاتُ
ar-rayḥānātu 		رَيْحَانَاتُ
rayḥānātu
Accusative رَيْحَانَاتٍ
rayḥānātin 		الرَّيْحَانَاتِ
ar-rayḥānāti 		رَيْحَانَاتِ
rayḥānāti
Genitive رَيْحَانَاتٍ
rayḥānātin 		الرَّيْحَانَاتِ
ar-rayḥānāti 		رَيْحَانَاتِ
rayḥānāti
Plural of variety basic broken plural diptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رَيَاحِين
rayāḥīn 		الرَّيَاحِين
ar-rayāḥīn 		رَيَاحِين
rayāḥīn
Nominative رَيَاحِينُ
rayāḥīnu 		الرَّيَاحِينُ
ar-rayāḥīnu 		رَيَاحِينُ
rayāḥīnu
Accusative رَيَاحِينَ
rayāḥīna 		الرَّيَاحِينَ
ar-rayāḥīna 		رَيَاحِينَ
rayāḥīna
Genitive رَيَاحِينَ
rayāḥīna 		الرَّيَاحِينِ
ar-rayāḥīni 		رَيَاحِينِ
rayāḥīni

Descendants

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References

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  • Ascherson, Paul (1881) “Die aus dem mittlern Nordafrika, dem Gebiete der Rohlfs’schen Expedition nach Kufra bekannt gewordenen Pflanzen”, in Kufra. Reise von Tripolis nach der Oase Kufra, ausgeführt im Auftrage der afrikanischen Gesellschaft in Deutschland, Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, page 477
  • Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 565–566
  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “ريحان”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎[2] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 567a
  • Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎[3] (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 80
  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “ريحان”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎[4] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 207
  • Jacob, Georg (1892) Studien in arabischen Geographen‎[5] (in German), volume 4, Berlin: Meyer & Müller, pages 163–164

Hijazi Arabic

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Root
ر و ح
6 terms
ريحان

Etymology

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From Arabic رَيْحَان (rayḥān).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /reː.ħaːn/, /riː.ħaːn/

Noun

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ريحان • (rēḥān or rīḥān) m (plural رياحين (rayāḥīn))

  1. basil

See also

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  • حَبَق (ḥabag, “Ocimum (taxonomic plant genus)”)

Moroccan Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic رَيْحَان (rayḥān).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /riː.ħaːn/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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ريحان • (rīḥān) m

  1. myrtle

South Levantine Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic رَيْحَان (rayḥān).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ريحان • (rīḥān) m

  1. basil
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