دخان

Arabic

Etymology

Attested since 475 CE, according to the Doha Dictionary.

Has been hypothesized to be borrowed from Middle Persian *dūd xān or *dūd xānag^[1] continued^[2] in Dari (dūd-xāna, “smoke-room, the compartment of a house below a chimney; family, house, = (dūdmān)”).

Root
د خ ن (d ḵ n)
5 terms

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /du.xaːn/, /dux.xaːn/
Audio: (file)

Noun

دُخَان or دُخَّان • (duḵān or duḵḵān) m (plural أَدْخِنَة (ʔadḵina) or دَوَاخِن (dawāḵin) or دَوَاخِين (dawāḵīn))

smoke
steam
tobacco
(obsolete) evil, mischief
(obsolete) dearth, drought, sterility, unfruitfulness, hunger

Declension

Declension of noun دُخَان (duḵān)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُخَان duḵān	الدُّخَان ad-duḵān	دُخَان duḵān
Nominative	دُخَانٌ duḵānun	الدُّخَانُ ad-duḵānu	دُخَانُ duḵānu
Accusative	دُخَانًا duḵānan	الدُّخَانَ ad-duḵāna	دُخَانَ duḵāna
Genitive	دُخَانٍ duḵānin	الدُّخَانِ ad-duḵāni	دُخَانِ duḵāni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُخَانَيْن duḵānayn	الدُّخَانَيْن ad-duḵānayn	دُخَانَيْ duḵānay
Nominative	دُخَانَانِ duḵānāni	الدُّخَانَانِ ad-duḵānāni	دُخَانَا duḵānā
Accusative	دُخَانَيْنِ duḵānayni	الدُّخَانَيْنِ ad-duḵānayni	دُخَانَيْ duḵānay
Genitive	دُخَانَيْنِ duḵānayni	الدُّخَانَيْنِ ad-duḵānayni	دُخَانَيْ duḵānay
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)‎; basic broken plural diptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَدْخِنَة‎; دَوَاخِن‎; دَوَاخِين ʔadḵina‎; dawāḵin‎; dawāḵīn	الْأَدْخِنَة‎; الدَّوَاخِن‎; الدَّوَاخِين al-ʔadḵina‎; ad-dawāḵin‎; ad-dawāḵīn	أَدْخِنَة‎; دَوَاخِن‎; دَوَاخِين ʔadḵinat‎; dawāḵin‎; dawāḵīn
Nominative	أَدْخِنَةٌ‎; دَوَاخِنُ‎; دَوَاخِينُ ʔadḵinatun‎; dawāḵinu‎; dawāḵīnu	الْأَدْخِنَةُ‎; الدَّوَاخِنُ‎; الدَّوَاخِينُ al-ʔadḵinatu‎; ad-dawāḵinu‎; ad-dawāḵīnu	أَدْخِنَةُ‎; دَوَاخِنُ‎; دَوَاخِينُ ʔadḵinatu‎; dawāḵinu‎; dawāḵīnu
Accusative	أَدْخِنَةً‎; دَوَاخِنَ‎; دَوَاخِينَ ʔadḵinatan‎; dawāḵina‎; dawāḵīna	الْأَدْخِنَةَ‎; الدَّوَاخِنَ‎; الدَّوَاخِينَ al-ʔadḵinata‎; ad-dawāḵina‎; ad-dawāḵīna	أَدْخِنَةَ‎; دَوَاخِنَ‎; دَوَاخِينَ ʔadḵinata‎; dawāḵina‎; dawāḵīna
Genitive	أَدْخِنَةٍ‎; دَوَاخِنَ‎; دَوَاخِينَ ʔadḵinatin‎; dawāḵina‎; dawāḵīna	الْأَدْخِنَةِ‎; الدَّوَاخِنِ‎; الدَّوَاخِينِ al-ʔadḵinati‎; ad-dawāḵini‎; ad-dawāḵīni	أَدْخِنَةِ‎; دَوَاخِنِ‎; دَوَاخِينِ ʔadḵinati‎; dawāḵini‎; dawāḵīni

Descendants

Maltese: duħħan
→ Northern Kurdish: dûxan
→ Ottoman Turkish: دخان (duhan)
- → Albanian: duhan
- → Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)
- → Hungarian: dohány
- → Romanian: duhan
- → Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н
→ Swahili: dohani

References

^ Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 455
^ Ahmad Ali Motamedi, Lennart Edelberg (1968) “A Kafir Goddess”, in Arts Asiatiques‎^[1], volume 18, page 18 of 3–21

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic دُخَان (duḵān).

Noun

دخان • (duhan)

tobacco
Synonym: توتون (tütün)
smoke
Synonyms: توتون (tütün), دومان (duman)

Descendants

→ Albanian: duhan
→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)
→ Hungarian: dohány
→ Romanian: duhan
→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н

[1] Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 455

[2] Ahmad Ali Motamedi, Lennart Edelberg (1968) “A Kafir Goddess”, in Arts Asiatiques‎^[1], volume 18, page 18 of 3–21

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