خثي
Arabic
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]An extension from خ ث ث (ḵ-ṯ-ṯ) whence خُثّ (ḵuṯṯ, “peat”) and obsolete خُثَّة (ḵuṯṯa, “fresh dung, piece of wood to ignite a fire”), خَثَّثَ (ḵaṯṯaṯa, “to amass”), which also connects to خ ث ر (ḵ-ṯ-r) related to clotting.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]خِثْي • (ḵiṯy) m (plural أَخْثَاء (ʔaḵṯāʔ))
- dung of bovine animals, cow manure, mulley sharn
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 34, Art. 6, pages 721–722:
- وقال غيره يتخذ لها الخلايا من خشب الأرز ومن طين طيب الريح وتطين الخلايا من خارجها برماد وأخثاء البقر مدقوق معجون بالماء ويتخذ لها بعض الناس الخلايا من قشور الشبر وتسميه العامة «جناحا»
- And another author said that for beehives cedar wood and clay of good smell is taken and the beehives are daubed from the outside with ash and cow dung powdered and kneaded with water, and some people take for beehives the barks of the cork oak, generally called “wings”.
- 1951 August 20, Šākir Maḥmūd, “السرقين والسماد في الزراعة قديما”, in مجلة الرسالة:
- راجعنا مقالاتهم في أنواع السرقين والمفاضلة بين ذرق الحمام وأرواث الخيل والبغال والحمير، وأخثاء البقر والجواميس وأبعار الغنم والضأن والماعز، […]
- We have reviewed their articles on the types of manure and the differences between pigeon droppings, dung of horses and mules and asses, and sharn of cows and buffalos and sheep and goats, […]
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun خِثْي (ḵiṯy)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | خِثْي ḵiṯy |
الْخِثْي al-ḵiṯy |
خِثْي ḵiṯy |
| Nominative | خِثْيٌ ḵiṯyun |
الْخِثْيُ al-ḵiṯyu |
خِثْيُ ḵiṯyu |
| Accusative | خِثْيًا ḵiṯyan |
الْخِثْيَ al-ḵiṯya |
خِثْيَ ḵiṯya |
| Genitive | خِثْيٍ ḵiṯyin |
الْخِثْيِ al-ḵiṯyi |
خِثْيِ ḵiṯyi |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | خِثْيَيْن ḵiṯyayn |
الْخِثْيَيْن al-ḵiṯyayn |
خِثْيَيْ ḵiṯyay |
| Nominative | خِثْيَانِ ḵiṯyāni |
الْخِثْيَانِ al-ḵiṯyāni |
خِثْيَا ḵiṯyā |
| Accusative | خِثْيَيْنِ ḵiṯyayni |
الْخِثْيَيْنِ al-ḵiṯyayni |
خِثْيَيْ ḵiṯyay |
| Genitive | خِثْيَيْنِ ḵiṯyayni |
الْخِثْيَيْنِ al-ḵiṯyayni |
خِثْيَيْ ḵiṯyay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَخْثَاء ʔaḵṯāʔ |
الْأَخْثَاء al-ʔaḵṯāʔ |
أَخْثَاء ʔaḵṯāʔ |
| Nominative | أَخْثَاءٌ ʔaḵṯāʔun |
الْأَخْثَاءُ al-ʔaḵṯāʔu |
أَخْثَاءُ ʔaḵṯāʔu |
| Accusative | أَخْثَاءً ʔaḵṯāʔan |
الْأَخْثَاءَ al-ʔaḵṯāʔa |
أَخْثَاءَ ʔaḵṯāʔa |
| Genitive | أَخْثَاءٍ ʔaḵṯāʔin |
الْأَخْثَاءِ al-ʔaḵṯāʔi |
أَخْثَاءِ ʔaḵṯāʔi |
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), “خِثًى”, in Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 395
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “خثي”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 462
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “خثي”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 542
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “خثي”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 704–705