حدس

Arabic

Etymology

Blend of حَدَّ (ḥadda) with uncertain second element, Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou suggests أَسَاس (ʔasās, “foundation”), another intuition opts instead for حَسَّ (ḥassa, “to feel”). In the same fashion, following Lane’s comparisons, هَجَسَ (hajasa, “to come to mind, to occur”) is apparently from هَجَّ (hajja), whereas in view of عَدَسَ (ʕadasa, “to journey through; to tread hard”) (both verbs like the present with ḍamma and kasra in the non-past) these two senses perhaps instead relate to دَاسَ (dāsa, “to tread”).

Verb

حَدَسَ • (ḥadasa) I (non-past يَحْدِسُ (yaḥdisu) or يَحْدُسُ (yaḥdusu), verbal noun حَدْس (ḥads))

1. to conjecture, to ween, to intuit, to foreknow
2. (obsolete) to spring to mind, to occur
3. (obsolete) to roam without direction, to journey without guidance
4. (obsolete) to rush, to hurry through
5. (obsolete) to tread down
6. (obsolete) to shoot, to cast, to throw
7. (obsolete) to aim at, to intend

Conjugation

    Conjugation of حَدَسَ (I, sound, a ~ i/u, full passive (?), verbal noun حَدْس)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						حَدْس ḥads
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						حَادِس ḥādis
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَحْدُوس maḥdūs
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَدَسْتُ ḥadastu	حَدَسْتَ ḥadasta	حَدَسَ ḥadasa		حَدَسْتُمَا ḥadastumā	حَدَسَا ḥadasā		حَدَسْنَا ḥadasnā	حَدَسْتُمْ ḥadastum	حَدَسُوا ḥadasū
	f		حَدَسْتِ ḥadasti	حَدَسَتْ ḥadasat			حَدَسَتَا ḥadasatā			حَدَسْتُنَّ ḥadastunna	حَدَسْنَ ḥadasna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَحْدِسُ, أَحْدُسُ ʔaḥdisu, ʔaḥdusu	تَحْدِسُ, تَحْدُسُ taḥdisu, taḥdusu	يَحْدِسُ, يَحْدُسُ yaḥdisu, yaḥdusu		تَحْدِسَانِ, تَحْدُسَانِ taḥdisāni, taḥdusāni	يَحْدِسَانِ, يَحْدُسَانِ yaḥdisāni, yaḥdusāni		نَحْدِسُ, نَحْدُسُ naḥdisu, naḥdusu	تَحْدِسُونَ, تَحْدُسُونَ taḥdisūna, taḥdusūna	يَحْدِسُونَ, يَحْدُسُونَ yaḥdisūna, yaḥdusūna
	f		تَحْدِسِينَ, تَحْدُسِينَ taḥdisīna, taḥdusīna	تَحْدِسُ, تَحْدُسُ taḥdisu, taḥdusu			تَحْدِسَانِ, تَحْدُسَانِ taḥdisāni, taḥdusāni			تَحْدِسْنَ, تَحْدُسْنَ taḥdisna, taḥdusna	يَحْدِسْنَ, يَحْدُسْنَ yaḥdisna, yaḥdusna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَحْدِسَ, أَحْدُسَ ʔaḥdisa, ʔaḥdusa	تَحْدِسَ, تَحْدُسَ taḥdisa, taḥdusa	يَحْدِسَ, يَحْدُسَ yaḥdisa, yaḥdusa		تَحْدِسَا, تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā, taḥdusā	يَحْدِسَا, يَحْدُسَا yaḥdisā, yaḥdusā		نَحْدِسَ, نَحْدُسَ naḥdisa, naḥdusa	تَحْدِسُوا, تَحْدُسُوا taḥdisū, taḥdusū	يَحْدِسُوا, يَحْدُسُوا yaḥdisū, yaḥdusū
	f		تَحْدِسِي, تَحْدُسِي taḥdisī, taḥdusī	تَحْدِسَ, تَحْدُسَ taḥdisa, taḥdusa			تَحْدِسَا, تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā, taḥdusā			تَحْدِسْنَ, تَحْدُسْنَ taḥdisna, taḥdusna	يَحْدِسْنَ, يَحْدُسْنَ yaḥdisna, yaḥdusna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَحْدِسْ, أَحْدُسْ ʔaḥdis, ʔaḥdus	تَحْدِسْ, تَحْدُسْ taḥdis, taḥdus	يَحْدِسْ, يَحْدُسْ yaḥdis, yaḥdus		تَحْدِسَا, تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā, taḥdusā	يَحْدِسَا, يَحْدُسَا yaḥdisā, yaḥdusā		نَحْدِسْ, نَحْدُسْ naḥdis, naḥdus	تَحْدِسُوا, تَحْدُسُوا taḥdisū, taḥdusū	يَحْدِسُوا, يَحْدُسُوا yaḥdisū, yaḥdusū
	f		تَحْدِسِي, تَحْدُسِي taḥdisī, taḥdusī	تَحْدِسْ, تَحْدُسْ taḥdis, taḥdus			تَحْدِسَا, تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā, taḥdusā			تَحْدِسْنَ, تَحْدُسْنَ taḥdisna, taḥdusna	يَحْدِسْنَ, يَحْدُسْنَ yaḥdisna, yaḥdusna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِحْدِسْ, اُحْدُسْ iḥdis, uḥdus			اِحْدِسَا, اُحْدُسَا iḥdisā, uḥdusā				اِحْدِسُوا, اُحْدُسُوا iḥdisū, uḥdusū
	f		اِحْدِسِي, اُحْدُسِي iḥdisī, uḥdusī							اِحْدِسْنَ, اُحْدُسْنَ iḥdisna, uḥdusna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حُدِسْتُ ḥudistu	حُدِسْتَ ḥudista	حُدِسَ ḥudisa		حُدِسْتُمَا ḥudistumā	حُدِسَا ḥudisā		حُدِسْنَا ḥudisnā	حُدِسْتُمْ ḥudistum	حُدِسُوا ḥudisū
	f		حُدِسْتِ ḥudisti	حُدِسَتْ ḥudisat			حُدِسَتَا ḥudisatā			حُدِسْتُنَّ ḥudistunna	حُدِسْنَ ḥudisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحْدَسُ ʔuḥdasu	تُحْدَسُ tuḥdasu	يُحْدَسُ yuḥdasu		تُحْدَسَانِ tuḥdasāni	يُحْدَسَانِ yuḥdasāni		نُحْدَسُ nuḥdasu	تُحْدَسُونَ tuḥdasūna	يُحْدَسُونَ yuḥdasūna
	f		تُحْدَسِينَ tuḥdasīna	تُحْدَسُ tuḥdasu			تُحْدَسَانِ tuḥdasāni			تُحْدَسْنَ tuḥdasna	يُحْدَسْنَ yuḥdasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحْدَسَ ʔuḥdasa	تُحْدَسَ tuḥdasa	يُحْدَسَ yuḥdasa		تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā	يُحْدَسَا yuḥdasā		نُحْدَسَ nuḥdasa	تُحْدَسُوا tuḥdasū	يُحْدَسُوا yuḥdasū
	f		تُحْدَسِي tuḥdasī	تُحْدَسَ tuḥdasa			تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā			تُحْدَسْنَ tuḥdasna	يُحْدَسْنَ yuḥdasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحْدَسْ ʔuḥdas	تُحْدَسْ tuḥdas	يُحْدَسْ yuḥdas		تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā	يُحْدَسَا yuḥdasā		نُحْدَسْ nuḥdas	تُحْدَسُوا tuḥdasū	يُحْدَسُوا yuḥdasū
	f		تُحْدَسِي tuḥdasī	تُحْدَسْ tuḥdas			تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā			تُحْدَسْنَ tuḥdasna	يُحْدَسْنَ yuḥdasna

Noun

حَدْس • (ḥads) m

1. conjecture, weening, intuition, foreknowledge
2. (philosophy) conjecture

Declension

Declension of noun حَدْس (ḥads)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَدْس ḥads	الْحَدْس al-ḥads	حَدْس ḥads
Nominative	حَدْسٌ ḥadsun	الْحَدْسُ al-ḥadsu	حَدْسُ ḥadsu
Accusative	حَدْسًا ḥadsan	الْحَدْسَ al-ḥadsa	حَدْسَ ḥadsa
Genitive	حَدْسٍ ḥadsin	الْحَدْسِ al-ḥadsi	حَدْسِ ḥadsi

References

• Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 321
• Freytag, Georg (1830) “حدس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 355
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “حدس”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 531
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “حدس”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen, page 267b
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (2020) “حدس”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 6th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 177b

Persian

Etymology

Arabic حَدْس (ḥads)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [haðs]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [häd̪s]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [häd̪s]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäd̪s]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäd̪s]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [hæd̪s]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [häd̪s]

Readings
Classical reading?	haḏs
Dari reading?	hads
Iranian reading?	hads
Tajik reading?	hads

Noun

حدس • (hads)

1. guess, assumption, estimate