افگار

Persian

Alternative forms

• اَفکار (afkâr), اَوکار (avkâr), فَکار (fakâr), فَگار (fagâr), فَگال (fagâl), اَوگار (awgâr)

Etymology

The present participle of the verb افگاشتن (afgâštan, “to draw off (on skin)”), itself from the root گاشتن (gâštan, “to draw”), hence related to پرگار (pargâr, “a pair of compasses”, literally “what draws around”), نگار (negâr, “mistress, idol, painting”, literally “what draws down”), یادگار (yâdgâr, “memory, history”, literally “what draws to the memory”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔaf.ˈɡɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäf.ɡɑ́ːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäf.ɡɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäw.ɡɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäw.ɡɔ́ːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæf.ɡɒ́ːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäf.ɡɔ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	afgār
Dari reading?	afgār
Iranian reading?	afgâr
Tajik reading?	afgor

Adjective

افگار • (afgâr)

1. (normal in Dari, archaic elsewhere) wounded or hurt

   Synonyms: خسته (xaste), زخمی (zaxmi), مجروح (majruh)

   • 11th Century CE, Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi, Tarikh-i Bayhaqi, Page 354:

     خوارزمشاه اسب بخواست و بجهد برنشست، اسب تندی کرد از قضای آمده بیفتاد بر جانب افگار و دستش بشکست

     xwārazmšāh asb bixwāst u bi-jahd bar-nišast, asb tundī kard az qazā-yi āmada biyuftād bar jānib afgār u dastaš bišikast

     Xwarazmshah asked for a horse, he hurriedly mounted the beast, but the horse was restive and balky, and finally threw him on the ground; he got wounded on the side, and broke his arm.

     (Classical Persian)

2. (archaic) fatigued, exhausted

   Synonym: خسته (xaste)

3. (archaic) annoyed, irritated

   Synonyms: آزرده (âzorde), دل‌ریش (delriš)

Derived terms

• دل‌افگار (del-afgâr)

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “افگار”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press