إقليد

Arabic

Etymology

From Aramaic אַקְלִידָא / ܐܩܠܝܕܐ (ʾaqlīdā, “key”) from Ancient Greek κλεῖδα (kleîda), accusative singular of κλείς (kleís, “key”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂us (“nail, pin, hook – instruments of old use for locking doors”), from the root *(s)kleh₂w-.

Noun

إِقْلِيد • (ʔiqlīd) m (plural أَقَالِيد (ʔaqālīd)) (Ḥaḍramawt)

1. key
   • 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Buḵāriyy, 64:86:

     فَدَخَلْتُ فَكَمَنْتُ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ النَّاسُ أَغْلَقَ الْبَابَ، ثُمَّ عَلَّقَ الأَغَالِيقَ عَلَى وَتَدٍ قَالَ فَقُمْتُ إِلَى الأَقَالِيدِ، فَأَخَذْتُهَا فَفَتَحْتُ الْبَابَ.

     fadaḵaltu fakamantu, falammā daḵala n-nāsu ʔaḡlaqa l-bāba, ṯumma ʕallaqa l-ʔaḡālīqa ʕalā watadin qāla faqumtu ʔilā l-ʔaqālīdi, faʔaḵaḏtuhā fafataḥtu l-bāba.

     So I went in (the castle) and hid myself. When the people got inside, the gate-keeper closed the gate and hung the keys on a fixed wooden peg. I got up and took the keys and opened the gate.

Declension

Declension of noun إِقْلِيد (ʔiqlīd)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	إِقْلِيد ʔiqlīd	الْإِقْلِيد al-ʔiqlīd	إِقْلِيد ʔiqlīd
Nominative	إِقْلِيدٌ ʔiqlīdun	الْإِقْلِيدُ al-ʔiqlīdu	إِقْلِيدُ ʔiqlīdu
Accusative	إِقْلِيدًا ʔiqlīdan	الْإِقْلِيدَ al-ʔiqlīda	إِقْلِيدَ ʔiqlīda
Genitive	إِقْلِيدٍ ʔiqlīdin	الْإِقْلِيدِ al-ʔiqlīdi	إِقْلِيدِ ʔiqlīdi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	إِقْلِيدَيْن ʔiqlīdayn	الْإِقْلِيدَيْن al-ʔiqlīdayn	إِقْلِيدَيْ ʔiqlīday
Nominative	إِقْلِيدَانِ ʔiqlīdāni	الْإِقْلِيدَانِ al-ʔiqlīdāni	إِقْلِيدَا ʔiqlīdā
Accusative	إِقْلِيدَيْنِ ʔiqlīdayni	الْإِقْلِيدَيْنِ al-ʔiqlīdayni	إِقْلِيدَيْ ʔiqlīday
Genitive	إِقْلِيدَيْنِ ʔiqlīdayni	الْإِقْلِيدَيْنِ al-ʔiqlīdayni	إِقْلِيدَيْ ʔiqlīday
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَقَالِيد ʔaqālīd	الْأَقَالِيد al-ʔaqālīd	أَقَالِيد ʔaqālīd
Nominative	أَقَالِيدُ ʔaqālīdu	الْأَقَالِيدُ al-ʔaqālīdu	أَقَالِيدُ ʔaqālīdu
Accusative	أَقَالِيدَ ʔaqālīda	الْأَقَالِيدَ al-ʔaqālīda	أَقَالِيدَ ʔaqālīda
Genitive	أَقَالِيدَ ʔaqālīda	الْأَقَالِيدِ al-ʔaqālīdi	أَقَالِيدِ ʔaqālīdi

Derived terms

• مِقْلَد (miqlad, “key”)
• مِقْلَاد (miqlād, “key”)

References

• “qlyd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “إقليد” in Almaany
• Diem, Werner (1973) “Untersuchungen zu Technik und Terminologie der arabisch-islamischen Türschlösser”, in Der Islam (in German), volume 50, number 1, →DOI, page 144
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 15–16
• Freytag, Georg (1835) “إقليد”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 487
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “إقليد”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 2558
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “إقليد”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1052