أكار

Arabic

أَكَّارَانِ

Alternative forms

• إِكَّار (ʔikkār)

Etymology

Borrowed from Aramaic אִיכָּרָא / אִכָּרָא (ʾikkārā), ܐܱܟ݁ܳܪܴܐ (ʾakkārā, “farmer”), from Akkadian 𒀳 (ikkarum, “farmer”), from Sumerian 𒀳 (engar, “farmer”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔak.kaːr/

Noun

أَكَّار • (ʔakkār) m (plural أَكَّارُون (ʔakkārūn) or أَكَرَة (ʔakara)) (obsolete)

1. farmer, tiller, cultivator of land

   Synonyms: زَرَّاع (zarrāʕ), زَارِع (zāriʕ), حَرَّاث (ḥarrāṯ), فَلَّاح (fallāḥ), كَافِر (kāfir), بَرْدَزْبَة (bardazba)

   • a. 710, الأخطل [al-ʾaḵṭal], edited by Theodor Nöldeke and August Müller, Delectus veterum carminum arabicorum, Berlin: H. Reuther’s Verlagsbuchhandlung, published 1890, page 54:

     إِنَّ الفَوَارِسَ يَعْرِفُونَ ظُهُورَكُم، أَوْلَادَ كُلِّ مُقَبَّحٍ أَكّارِ!

     ʔinna l-fawārisa yaʕrifūna ẓuhūrakum, ʔawlāda kulli muqabbaḥin ʔakkāri!

     Indeed the nomads know your backs, children of every disdained boor!

   • a. 869, Al-Jāḥiẓ, “قِصَّةُ ابْنِ العَقَدِيِّ [The Story of Ibn Al-Aqadiyy]”, in Muḥammad Fatḥī ʾAbū Bakr, editor, Al-Buḵalāʾ, 5th edition, Cairo, Egypt: Al Dar Al Masriah Al Lubnaniah, published 2021, →ISBN, page 256:

     قَالَ: «يَشْتَرِي لَنَا أَرُزًّا بِقِشْرِهِ وَيَحْمِلُهُ مَعَهُ، لَيْسَ مَعَهُ شَيْءٌ مِمَّا خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ إِلَّا ذٰلِكَ الْأَرُزّ. فَإِذَا صِرْنَا إِلَى أَرْضِهِ كَلَّفَ أَكَّارَهُ أَنْ يَجُشَّهُ فِي مِجَشَّةٍ لَهُ، […] »

     qāla: “yaštarī lanā ʔaruzzan biqišrihi wayaḥmiluhu maʕahu, laysa maʕahu šayʔun mimmā ḵalaqa llāhu ʔillā ḏālika l-ʔaruzz. faʔiḏā ṣirnā ʔilā ʔarḍihi kallafa ʔakkārahu ʔan yajuššahu fī mijaššatin lahu, […] ”

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of noun أَكَّار (ʔakkār)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَكَّار ʔakkār	الْأَكَّار al-ʔakkār	أَكَّار ʔakkār
Nominative	أَكَّارٌ ʔakkārun	الْأَكَّارُ al-ʔakkāru	أَكَّارُ ʔakkāru
Accusative	أَكَّارًا ʔakkāran	الْأَكَّارَ al-ʔakkāra	أَكَّارَ ʔakkāra
Genitive	أَكَّارٍ ʔakkārin	الْأَكَّارِ al-ʔakkāri	أَكَّارِ ʔakkāri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَكَّارَيْن ʔakkārayn	الْأَكَّارَيْن al-ʔakkārayn	أَكَّارَيْ ʔakkāray
Nominative	أَكَّارَانِ ʔakkārāni	الْأَكَّارَانِ al-ʔakkārāni	أَكَّارَا ʔakkārā
Accusative	أَكَّارَيْنِ ʔakkārayni	الْأَكَّارَيْنِ al-ʔakkārayni	أَكَّارَيْ ʔakkāray
Genitive	أَكَّارَيْنِ ʔakkārayni	الْأَكَّارَيْنِ al-ʔakkārayni	أَكَّارَيْ ʔakkāray
Plural	sound masculine plural‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَكَّارِين‎; أَكَرَة ʔakkārīn‎; ʔakara	الْأَكَّارِين‎; الْأَكَرَة al-ʔakkārīn‎; al-ʔakara	أَكَّارِي‎; أَكَرَة ʔakkārī‎; ʔakarat
Nominative	أَكَّارُونَ‎; أَكَرَةٌ ʔakkārūna‎; ʔakaratun	الْأَكَّارُونَ‎; الْأَكَرَةُ al-ʔakkārūna‎; al-ʔakaratu	أَكَّارُو‎; أَكَرَةُ ʔakkārū‎; ʔakaratu
Accusative	أَكَّارِينَ‎; أَكَرَةً ʔakkārīna‎; ʔakaratan	الْأَكَّارِينَ‎; الْأَكَرَةَ al-ʔakkārīna‎; al-ʔakarata	أَكَّارِي‎; أَكَرَةَ ʔakkārī‎; ʔakarata
Genitive	أَكَّارِينَ‎; أَكَرَةٍ ʔakkārīna‎; ʔakaratin	الْأَكَّارِينَ‎; الْأَكَرَةِ al-ʔakkārīna‎; al-ʔakarati	أَكَّارِي‎; أَكَرَةِ ʔakkārī‎; ʔakarati

Derived terms

• أَكَرَ (ʔakara, “to till, to dig up”), present يَأْكِرُ (yaʔkiru)

References

• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 128–129
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “أكار”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate, page 71
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “أكار”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[2] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 33