ء ي س

Arabic

Etymology

Variant of ي ء س (y-ʔ-s). Compare with Hebrew יָאַשׁ (yāʾaš, “to despair”), Aramaic יָאֵשׁ (yaʾəš, “to make desperate”), איעש (“despair”), יְאוּשָׁא (yəʾūšā, “despair”).

Root

ء ي س • (ʔ-y-s)

1. related to giving up

Derived terms

• Form I: أَيِسَ (ʔayisa, “to give up hope”)
  • Verbal noun: أَيْس (ʔays), إِيَاس (ʔiyās)
  • Active participle: آيِس (ʔāyis)
  • Passive participle: مَأْيُوس (maʔyūs)
• Form II: أَيَّسَ (ʔayyasa, “to make desperate; to make soft, to make pliant”)
  • Verbal noun: تَأْيِيس (taʔyīs)
  • Active participle: مُؤَيِّس (muʔayyis)
  • Passive participle: مُؤَيَّس (muʔayyas)
• Form IV: آيَسَ (ʔāyasa, “to lead into desperation”)
  • Verbal noun: إِيئَاس (ʔīʔās)
  • Active participle: مُؤْيِس (muʔyis)
  • Passive participle: مُؤْيَس (muʔyas)
• Form V: تَأَيَّسَ (taʔayyasa, “to become desperate; to become soft, to become pliant”)
  • Verbal noun: تَأَيُّس (taʔayyus)
  • Active participle: مُتَأَيِّس (mutaʔayyis)
• أَيِس (ʔayis, “hopeless, desperate”)

References

• “yˀš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ˀyˁš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• H2976 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Freytag, Georg (1830) “ء ي س”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 37
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “ء ي س”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 137
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ء ي س”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen, page 98