פרה

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pre"

Hebrew

עץ פורה רימונים

Pronunciation

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /paːˈraː/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /paˈʁa/

Etymology 1

Root
פ־ר־ה (p-r-h)
4 terms

Compare Phoenician 𐤐𐤓 (pr), Aramaic פְּרָא/Classical Syriac ܦ݁ܪܰܐ and Egyptian

(prj, “to come forth”). Gesenius connects this root to Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”), in the sense of “bearing fruit”.

Verb

פָּרָה • (pará) (pa'al construction)

1. (poetic, biblical) to bear fruit

   (literal) to bring forth, grow fruit

   (figurative) to be fruitful, multiply, increase

Conjugation

Conjugation of פָּרָה (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)

non-finite forms		to-infinitive		לִפְרוֹת
		action noun		—
		passive participle		—
finite forms		singular		plural
		m	f	m	f
past	first	פָּרִיתִי		פָּרִינוּ
	second	פָּרִיתָ	פָּרִית	פְּרִיתֶם1	פְּרִיתֶן1
	third	פָּרָה	פָּרְתָה	פָּרוּ
present		פּוֹרֶה	פּוֹרָה	פּוֹרִים	פּוֹרוֹת
future	first	אֶפְרֶה		נִפְרֶה
	second	תִּפְרֶה	תִּפְרִי	תִּפְרוּ	תִּפְרֶינָה2
	third	יִפְרֶה	תִּפְרֶה	יִפְרוּ	תִּפְרֶינָה2
imperative		פְּרֵה	פְּרִי	פְּרוּ	פְּרֶינָה2

¹ Pronounced פָּרִיתֶם and פָּרִיתֶן in informal Modern Hebrew.
² Rare in Modern Hebrew.

See also

• פָּרָא

References

• H6509 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Klein, Ernest (1987) “פָּרָה”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[1], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 523b
• Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 1216b

Etymology 2

פרות

Root
פ־ר־ר (p-r-r)
7 terms

From פַּר (par, “bull, ox”) + ־הָ (-a).

Pronunciation

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /paːˈra/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /paˈʁa/

Noun

פָּרָה • (pará) f (plural indefinite פָּרוֹת, singular construct פָּרַת־, plural construct פָּרוֹת־, masculine counterpart פַּר) [pattern: קַטְלָה]

1. cow, heifer
   • Tanach, Numbers 19:2, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     זֹאת חֻקַּת הַתּוֹרָה אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּה יְהוָה לֵאמֹר דַּבֵּר אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְיִקְחוּ אֵלֶיךָ פָרָה אֲדֻמָּה תְּמִימָה אֲשֶׁר אֵין־בָּהּ מוּם אֲשֶׁר לֹא־עָלָה עָלֶיהָ עֹל׃

     zot khukát hatorá ashér tsivá YHWH lemór: dabér el b'né Yisraél veyik'khú elékha fará 'adumá t'mimá ashér en bah múm ashér lo 'alá 'aléha 'ol.

     This is the statute of the law which the Lord hath commanded, saying: Speak unto the children of Israel, that they bring thee a red heifer, faultless, wherein is no blemish, and upon which never came yoke.

   • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Bechorot 1:2:

     פָּרָה שֶׁיָּלְדָה כְּמִין חֲמוֹר, וַחֲמוֹר שֶׁיָּלְדָה כְּמִין סוּס, פָּטוּר מִן הַבְּכוֹרָה

     pará sheyaldá k'min khamór, vakhamór sheyaldá k'min sús, patúr min hab'khorá.

     A cow that births what looks like a donkey, or a donkey that births what looks like a horse, these are exempt from the firstborn offering.

Declension

Declension of פָּרָה

	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
Number:	State:	form	Person:	singular		plural
				m	f	m	f
singular	indefinite	פָּרָה	first	פָּרָתִי		פָּרָתֵנוּ
	definite	הַפָּרָה	second	פָּרָתְךָ	פָּרָתֵךְ	פָּרַתְכֶם	פָּרַתְכֶן
	construct	פָּרַת־	third	פָּרָתוֹ	פָּרָתָהּ	פָּרָתָם	פָּרָתָן
plural	indefinite	פָּרוֹת	first	פרותיי / פָּרוֹתַי		פָּרוֹתֵינוּ
	definite	הַפָּרוֹת	second	פָּרוֹתֶיךָ	פרותייך / פָּרוֹתַיִךְ	פָּרוֹתֵיכֶם	פָּרוֹתֵיכֶן
	construct	פָּרוֹת־	third	פָּרוֹתָיו	פָּרוֹתֶיהָ	פָּרוֹתָם	פָּרוֹתָן

Derived terms

• פרת משה רבינו / פָּרַת מֹשֶׁה רַבֵּנוּ (parát moshé rabénu)
• פָּרָה פָּרָה (pará pará)

References

• H6510 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Klein, Ernest (1987) “פָּרָה”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[2], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 523c
• Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 1216b
• “פרה” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language