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יוון

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Hebrew

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Etymology

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Likely descended from Ancient Greek Ἴων (Íōn, “Ion, ancestor of the Ionians”); compare the alternative forms Ἰάων (Iáōn) and Ἰάϝων (Iáwōn).

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)

Proper noun

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יוון / יָוָן • (yāwān, yaván) f

  1. (biblical) Javan (the fourth son of Japheth)
    • Tanach, Genesis 10:2, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      בְּנֵי יֶפֶת גֹּמֶר וּמָגוֹג וּמָדַי וְיָוָן וְתֻבָל וּמֶשֶׁךְ וְתִירָס׃
      B'néi Yéfet: Gómer u-Magóg u-Madái v-Yaván v-Tuvál u-Méshekh v-Tirás.
      The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
  2. the nation descended from Javan, identified with the Ionians, and more generally the Greeks
    • Tanach, Daniel 10:20, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      וַיֹּאמֶר הֲיָדַעְתָּ לָמָּה־בָּאתִי אֵלֶיךָ וְעַתָּה אָשׁוּב לְהִלָּחֵם עִם־שַׂר פָּרָס וַאֲנִי יוֹצֵא וְהִנֵּה שַׂר־יָוָן בָּא׃
      Va-yómer, Ha-yadá'ta lamá báti elékha? v-atáh ashúv l'hilaḥém 'im sar Paras, va-aní yotzé v-hinéi sar Yavan ba.
      Then said he: Knowest thou wherefore I come unto thee? and now will I return to fight with the prince of Persia; and when I go forth, lo, the prince of Greece shall come.
    • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Middot 1:2:
      מִזְרָחִית צְפוֹנִית, בָּהּ גָּנְזוּ בְנֵי חַשְׁמוֹנַאי אֶת אַבְנֵי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ שֶׁשִּׁקְּצוּם מַלְכֵי יָוָן.
      Mizraḥít tz'fonít, bah ganzú v'néi Ḥashmonái et avnéi ha-mizbéaḥ she-shiq'tzúm malkhéi Yaván."
      In the northeastern (chamber), there the Hasmoneans hid the stones of the altar defiled by the kings of Greece.
  3. Greece (a country in Southeast Europe)
    • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Nega'im 14:6:
      מִצְוַת אֵזוֹב, לֹא אֵזוֹב יָוָן, לֹא אֵזוֹב כּוֹחֲלִי, לֹא אֵזוֹב רוֹמִי, לֹא אֵזוֹב מִדְבָּרִית, וְלֹא כָל אֵזוֹב שֶׁיֶּשׁ לוֹ שֵׁם לְוָי:
      Mitzvát ezóv, lo ezóv Yaván, lo ezóv koḥalí, lo ezóv romí, lo ezóv midbarít, v-lo khol ezóv she-yesh lo shem l'váy.
      The commandment with hyssop - not hyssop of Greece, nor blue hyssop, nor Roman hyssop, nor desert hyssop, nor any hyssop that has a modifier.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • →⇒ German: Gauner

See also

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countries in Europe: מְדִינוֹת באֵירוֹפָּה (m'dinót b'erópa) (appendix)edit
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