דוד

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
ד־ו־ד (d-w-d)

From Proto-West Semitic *dād- (“paternal uncle”).

Alternative forms

• דֹּד (defective spelling)

Pronunciation

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /doːd/
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈdoːð/, [ˈdoː.oð]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈdøːð/, [ˈdøːð] (Sanaani), /ˈdeːð/, [ˈdeːð] (Sharaabi)
• (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /dod/
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /dojd/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /dod/

Noun

דּוֹד • (dod) m (plural indefinite דּוֹדִים, plural construct דּוֹדֵי־, feminine counterpart דּוֹדָה)

1. uncle (the brother or brother-in-law of one’s parent)
   • Tanach, Leviticus 20:20, with translation of the King James Version:

     כוְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־דֹּ֣דָת֔וֹ עֶרְוַ֥ת דֹּד֖וֹ גִּלָּ֑ה חֶטְאָ֥ם יִשָּׂ֖אוּ עֲרִירִ֥ים יָמֻֽתוּ

     And if a man shall lie with his uncle's wife, he hath uncovered his uncle's nakedness: they shall bear their sin; they shall die childless.

   • Tanach, Esther 2:7, with translation of the King James Version:

     וַיְהִי אֹמֵן אֶת־הֲדַסָּה הִיא אֶסְתֵּר בַּת־דֹּדוֹ כִּי אֵין לָהּ אָב וָאֵם […]

     vay'hí omén et-hadasá hi estér bat-dodó ki en la av va'ém […]

     And he brought up Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle's daughter: for she had neither father nor mother, […]

   • 1994, The Lion King, spoken by Simba (Doron Ben-Ami):

     היי דוד סקאר, כשאהיה מלך, מה אתה תהיה?

     hey dod skar, k'she'eyé mélekh, ma atá tiyé?

     Hey Uncle Scar, when I'm King, what'll that make you?

2. (Biblical Hebrew) (A person's) beloved.
   • Tanach, Song of Songs 2:10, with translation of the King James Version:

     עָנָה דֹודִי וְאָמַר לִי קוּמִי לָךְ רַעְיָתִי יָפָתִי וּלְכִי־לָֽךְ׃

     My beloved spoke and said to me, “Arise, my darling, my beautiful one, come with me. [continues in next verse]

   • 13th century, anonymous poet, quoted in Yehuda Alharizi, Sefer Tahkemoni:

     לו שר בנו־עמרם פני דודי מתאדמים העת שתות שכר,
     ויפי קצותיו והוד יופיו, לא חק בתורתו: ואת זכר.

     Had the son of Amram seen the face of my beloved reddened from the foolishness of liquor,
     and the beauty of his extremities and the majesty of his beauty, he would not have written in his Torah: "and with a man [do not lie]".

   • 16th century, Shlomo Halevi Alkabetz, Lekhah Dodi (traditional Jewish prayer for Shabbat):

     לכה דודי לקראת כלה

     Come, my beloved, to meet the bride

Derived terms

• בֶּן־דּוֹד (ben-dód)
• בַּת־דּוֹד (bat-dód)

References

• Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 235

Etymology 2

From Proto-Semitic verbal root d-w-d ~ w-d-d "to love".

Alternative forms

• דויד
• דוויד

Pronunciation

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /daːˈwiːd/
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /dɔːˈviːð/, [dɔˑˈviː.ið]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /dɔˈwið/, [dɔ(ː)ˈwiːð]
• (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /daˈbid/
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /dɔˈvid/, [ˈdɔː.vəd]
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /daˈvid/

• Audio:

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Proper noun

דָּוִד • (davíd) m

1. (biblical) David (the second king of Judah and Israel, the successor of King Saul in the Old Testament; the son of Jesse and the father of Nathan and King Solomon)
2. a male given name, David

Derived terms

• מָגֵן דָּוִד (magén davíd)

Descendants

• → Ancient Greek: Δαυίδ (Dauíd), Δαυείδ (Daueíd), Δᾱβῑ́δ (Dābī́d), Δαυῑ́δης (Dauī́dēs)
  • → Latin: Dāvīd
• → Aramaic:
  • Classical Syriac: ܕܘܝܕ (Dāwīḏ), (informal) ܕܘܝܬ (Dāwīt)
  • → Aghwan: 𐔳𐔰𐕛𐔼𐔸 (davit)
  • → Georgian: დავითი (daviti)
  • → Old Armenian: Դաւիթ (Dawitʻ)

Further reading

• דוד on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^he

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /duːd/
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈduːð/, [ˈduː.uð]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈduð/, [ˈduːð]
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /dud/

Noun

דּוּד • (dud) m (plural indefinite דּוּדִים, plural construct דּוּדֵי־)

1. (Biblical Hebrew) a cauldron
   • Tanach, 1 Samuel 2:14, with translation of the King James Version:

     וְהִכָּה בַכִּיֹּור אֹו בַדּוּד אֹו בַקַּלַּחַת אֹו בַפָּרוּר כֹּל אֲשֶׁר יַעֲלֶה הַמַּזְלֵג יִקַּח הַכֹּהֵן בֹּו כָּכָה יַעֲשׂוּ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל הַבָּאִים שָׁם בְּשִׁלֹֽה׃

     And he struck it into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot; all that the fleshhook brought up the priest took for himself. So they did in Shiloh unto all the Israelites that came thither.

2. (by extension, modern) a water heater

Derived terms

• דּוּד שֶׁמֶשׁ (dud shémesh)

References

• H1731 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew דָּוִד (davíd).

Pronunciation

• (YIVO, Northeastern) IPA^(key): /ˈdɔvəd/
• (Poylish) IPA^(key): /ˈduːvəd/
• (Ukrainish) IPA^(key): /ˈduvəd/
• (Netherlandic) IPA^(key): /ˈdoːvəd/

Proper noun

דוד • (doved) m

1. (biblical) David, the Biblical son of Jesse and second king of ancient Israel.
2. a male given name, equivalent to English David