ցաք

Armenian

Etymology

From Old Armenian *ցաք (*cʻakʻ), found in ցաք-ի (cʻakʻ-i, “Christ's thorn”), of the same Proto-Indo-European origin as ցախ (cʻax).

Compare also Svan ცა̈გ (cäg), ცაგ (cag, “thorn, prickle, spike”).

Pronunciation

• (Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /t͡sʰɑkʰ/, [t͡sʰɑkʰ]
• (Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /t͡sɑk/, [t͡sʰɑkʰ]

Noun

ցաք • (cʻakʻ) (dialectal)

1. a thorny shrub, the branches of which are used for making hedges
2. harrow made of thorny bushes or tree-branches

   Synonyms: ցաքան (cʻakʻan), տափան (tapʻan)

3. (figuratively) rough person

Declension

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)

	singular	plural
nominative	ցաք (cʻakʻ)	ցաքներ (cʻakʻner)
dative	ցաքի (cʻakʻi)	ցաքների (cʻakʻneri)
ablative	ցաքից (cʻakʻicʻ)	ցաքներից (cʻakʻnericʻ)
instrumental	ցաքով (cʻakʻov)	ցաքներով (cʻakʻnerov)
locative	ցաքում (cʻakʻum)	ցաքներում (cʻakʻnerum)
	definite forms
nominative	ցաքը/ցաքն (cʻakʻə/cʻakʻn)	ցաքները/ցաքներն (cʻakʻnerə/cʻakʻnern)
dative	ցաքին (cʻakʻin)	ցաքներին (cʻakʻnerin)
	1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative	ցաքս (cʻakʻs)	ցաքներս (cʻakʻners)
dative	ցաքիս (cʻakʻis)	ցաքներիս (cʻakʻneris)
ablative	ցաքիցս (cʻakʻicʻs)	ցաքներիցս (cʻakʻnericʻs)
instrumental	ցաքովս (cʻakʻovs)	ցաքներովս (cʻakʻnerovs)
locative	ցաքումս (cʻakʻums)	ցաքներումս (cʻakʻnerums)
	2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative	ցաքդ (cʻakʻd)	ցաքներդ (cʻakʻnerd)
dative	ցաքիդ (cʻakʻid)	ցաքներիդ (cʻakʻnerid)
ablative	ցաքիցդ (cʻakʻicʻd)	ցաքներիցդ (cʻakʻnericʻd)
instrumental	ցաքովդ (cʻakʻovd)	ցաքներովդ (cʻakʻnerovd)
locative	ցաքումդ (cʻakʻumd)	ցաքներումդ (cʻakʻnerumd)

Derived terms

• ցախուցաք (cʻaxucʻakʻ)
• ցաքամեր (cʻakʻamer)
• ցաքան (cʻakʻan)
• ցաքատ (cʻakʻat)
• ցաքել (cʻakʻel)
• ցաքզնջիլ (cʻakʻznǰil)
• ցաքի (cʻakʻi)
• ցաքլիս (cʻakʻlis)
• ցաքլից (cʻakʻlicʻ)
• ցաքճաղ (cʻakʻčaġ)
• ցաքվոր (cʻakʻvor)
• ցաքտուք (cʻakʻtukʻ)
• ցաքուկ (cʻakʻuk)
• Ցաքուտ (Cʻakʻut)
• ցաքուտ (cʻakʻut)
• ցիքնամար (cʻikʻnamar)
• ցիքնամեր (cʻikʻnamer)

Related terms

• ցախ (cʻax)
• ցաքի (cʻakʻi)

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “ցախ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 447a
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “ցաքի”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 452a
• Amatuni, Sahak (1912) “ցաք”, in Hayocʻ baṙ u ban [Armenian Words and Idioms] (in Armenian), Vagharshapat: Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, page 642a
• Davtʻyan, K. S. (1954) Leṙnayin Ġarabaġi barbaṙayin kʻartezə [The dialectal map of Nagorno-Karabakh] (Hayeren barbaṙner; 9)‎^[1] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 487
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “c‘ax”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 619–621
• Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2010), “ցաք”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume VI, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 268a