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գաւառ

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Old Armenian

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Etymology

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The origin is uncertain. J̌ahukyan compares to Middle Persian [script needed] (pargawār, environs, sides),[1] which is found in some dictionaries[2][3] but not MacKenzie, who has Middle Persian [script needed] (plywʾl /⁠parwār⁠/, citadel; circumvallation; suburb, surroundings)[4] possibly as an alternative reading of the same word. Note also Northern Kurdish dever (region) and war (realm, station, camp).

Noun

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գաւառ (gawaṙ)

  1. district, region, canton
  2. (historical) a political subdivision of ancient Armenia, smaller than նահանգ (nahang, province)
    • 7th century, Anania Širakacʻi, Ašxarhacʻoycʻ [Geography] :
      Վեցերորդ՝ Կորճէք յելից կայ Մոկաց առ Ասորեստանիւ։ Եւ գաւառս ունի մետասան․ զԿորդիս, զԿորդիս վերին, զԿորդիս միջին, զԿորդիս ներքին, զԱյտուանս, զՄոթղանս, զՈրսիրանս, զԿարատունիս, զՃահուկ, զՓոքր Աղբակ։ Եւ ունի զառիկ․ եւ ի պտղոց՝ շահդանակ։
      Vecʻerord, Korčēkʻ yelicʻ kay Mokacʻ aṙ Asorestaniw. Ew gawaṙs uni metasan; zKordis, zKordis verin, zKordis miǰin, zKordis nerkʻin, zAytuans, zMotʻłans, zOrsirans, zKaratunis, zČahuk, zPʻokʻr Ałbak. Ew uni zaṙik; ew i ptłocʻ, šahdanak.
      • 1992 translation by Robert H. Hewsen
        Korčēkʿ is east of Mokkʿ by Assyria. It has eleven districts: Kordis, Upper Kordis, Middle Kordis, Lower Kordis, Aytuans, Motʿłans, Orsirans, Karatunis, Čahuk, and Lesser Ałbak. It has arsenic and among its fruits is the chestnut.

Declension

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Armenian: գավառ (gavaṙ), գաւառ (gawaṙ)traditional orthography
    • Kurdish:
      Northern Kurdish: kavar

References

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  1. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “գաւառ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 153a
  2. ^ Abrahamyan, Ṙ. (1965) “pargavār”, in G. M. Nalbandyan, editor, Pahlaveren-parskeren-hayeren-ṙuseren-angleren baṙaran [Pahlavi–Persian–Armenian–Russian–English Dictionary], Yerevan: University Press, page 219
  3. ^ Farahvashī, Bahrām (1979) Farhang-e fārsi beh pahlavi [Persian–Pahlavi Dictionary]‎[1], Tehran, pages 33, 244
  4. ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “parwār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 65

Further reading

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  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գաւառ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 527–528, tentatively derives from unattested Hurro-Urartian or a “Caucasian” language, comparing Georgian გვარი (gvari, genus, kin, kind, sort, family), but this is now known to be an unrelated cognate of գոհար (gohar)
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “գաւառ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գաւառ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate[2], PhD dissertation, Leiden University, page 87