ѩзꙑкъ
Appearance
Old Church Slavonic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ⱗⰸⱏⰹⰽⱏ (językŭ) — Glagolitic
- ꙙꙁꙑкъ (ęzykŭ)
- ѧꙁꙑкъ (językŭ)
- ꙗзꙑкъ (jazykŭ)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ęzykъ, from earlier *inźūˀ-kas, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *inźūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.
Noun
[edit]ѩзꙑкъ • (językŭ) m
- language
- from the Life of Constantine:
- оучителѧ не имамъ таковаго, иже бꙑ нꙑ въ свои ꙗзꙑкъ истоую вѣроу христꙇаньскоую сказалъ, да бꙑша и инꙑ странꙑ того зрѧще подобилисѧ намъ.
- učitelę ne imamŭ takovago, iže by ny vŭ svoi jazykŭ istuju věru xristianĭskuju skazalŭ, da byša i iny strany togo zręšte podobilisę namŭ.
- we have no such teacher who would explain the true Christian faith to us in our own tongue, so that even the countries here, seeing this, might emulate us.
- from the Life of Constantine:
- tongue
- people
Declension
[edit]Declension of ѩзꙑкъ (o-stem)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ѩзꙑкъ językŭ |
ѩзꙑка języka |
ѩзꙑци języci |
genitive | ѩзꙑка języka |
ѩзꙑкоу języku |
ѩзꙑкъ językŭ |
dative | ѩзꙑкоу, ѩзꙑкови języku, językovi |
ѩзꙑкома językoma |
ѩзꙑкомъ językomŭ |
accusative | ѩзꙑкъ, ѩзꙑка językŭ, języka |
ѩзꙑка języka |
ѩзꙑкꙑ języky |
instrumental | ѩзꙑкомъ językomŭ |
ѩзꙑкома językoma |
ѩзꙑкꙑ języky |
locative | ѩзꙑцѣ języcě |
ѩзꙑкоу języku |
ѩзꙑцѣхъ języcěxŭ |
vocative | ѩзꙑче języče |
ѩзꙑка języka |
ѩзꙑци języci |
Derived terms
[edit]- дъвоѩзꙑчьникъ (dŭvojęzyčĭnikŭ)
- иноѩзꙑчьникъ (inojęzyčĭnikŭ)
- триѩзꙑчьникъ (trijęzyčĭnikŭ)
- ѩзꙑчьникъ (języčĭnikŭ)
- ѩзꙑчьнъ (języčĭnŭ)
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ѩзꙑкъ”, in GORAZD (overall work in Czech, English, and Russian), http://gorazd.org, 2016—2025
Old East Slavic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *(j)ęzykъ (“tongue, language”), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic ѩзꙑкъ (językŭ). See also Lithuanian liežùvis, Old Prussian insuwis.
Pronunciation
[edit]
- Hyphenation: ѩ‧зꙑ‧къ
Noun
[edit]ѩзꙑкъ (językŭ) m (diminutive ѩзꙑчькъ)
- a tongue
- circa 1280, Симоновская псалтирь (Simeon Psalter) 108, verse 2:
- Зане оуста грѣшнагѡ и оуста льстивагѡ ѿверзошасѧ на мѧ: глаголютъ со мною ѧзыкомъ лжи.
- Zane usta grěšnago i usta lĭstivago otŭverzošasę na mę: glagoljutŭ so mnoju językomŭ lži.
- For the mouth of the wicked and the mouth of the deceitful are opened against me: they have spoken against me with a lying tongue.
- circa 1280, Симоновская псалтирь (Simeon Psalter) 108, verse 2:
- a language, speech
- circa 1420, Ипатьевская летопись (Hypatian Codex), the Primary Chronicle, introduction:
- […] по размѣшеньи же ꙗзꙑкъ . Богъ вѣтромъ великомъ раздруши столпъ […]
- […] po razměšenĭi že jazykŭ . Bogŭ větromŭ velikomŭ razdruši stolpŭ […]
- […] after the mixing of the tongues God destroyed the tower [of Babel] with the great wind […]
- русьскъ ѩзꙑкъ ― rusĭskŭ językŭ ― Rus' language
- circa 1420, Ипатьевская летопись (Hypatian Codex), the Primary Chronicle, introduction:
- nation, folk, tribe
- circa 1420, Ипатьевская летопись (Hypatian Codex), the Primary Chronicle, introduction:
- В Афетовѣ же части сѣдить Русь . Чюдь . и вси ꙗзꙑцѣ: Мерѧ . Мурома . Всь . Мордва […]
- V Afetově že časti sěditĭ Rusĭ . Čjudĭ . i vsi jazycě: Merę . Muroma . Vsĭ . Mordva […]
- In the share of Japheth lies Rus, Chud, and all the tribes: Merya, Muroma, Ves, Mordva […]
- circa 1420, Ипатьевская летопись (Hypatian Codex), the Primary Chronicle, introduction:
- (in the plural) gentiles, pagans, heathens
- 1056-1057, Остромирово евангелие (Ostromir Gospels), Matthew 10:5:
- Сиѩ посъла Иісусъ, заповѣдавъ имъ глаголѩ: на пѫть ꙗзꙑкъ неидѣте, и въ градъ самареискъ не вънидѣте.
- Siję posŭla Iisusŭ, zapovědavŭ imŭ glagolję: na pǫtĭ jazykŭ neiděte, i vŭ gradŭ samareiskŭ ne vŭniděte.
- These twelve Jesus sent forth, and commanded them, saying, Go not into the way of the Gentiles, and into any city of the Samaritans enter ye not.
- 1056-1057, Остромирово евангелие (Ostromir Gospels), Matthew 10:5:
- a prisoner for interrogation, captive that can reveal information on the enemy
- 1481, Псковская первая летопись (Pskov First Chronicle), s.a. 6849 (1341):
- И они, ѣхавше, ꙗзꙑкъ ꙗша за Холохолномъ и приведоша ко князю Олигерду; и онъ поведа силу велику Нѣмецкиꙗ рати подъ городомъ Изборскомъ […]
- I oni, jěxavše, jazykŭ jaša za Xoloxolnomŭ i privedoša ko knjazju Oligerdu; i onŭ poveda silu veliku Německija rati podŭ gorodomŭ Izborskomŭ […]
- And they, while getting there, found a native by the Holoholn and brought [him] to Algirdas; and he told about a great force of the Teutons near the Izborsk town […]
- 1481, Псковская первая летопись (Pskov First Chronicle), s.a. 6849 (1341):
- (law term) witness testimony
- circa 1280, Пространная версия Русской правды (Vast Edition of the Russian Law) 33:
- […] а то есть не скотъ, нелзѣ рѣчи: не вѣдаю, у кого есми купилъ; по ꙗзꙑку ити до конца […]
- […] a to estĭ ne skotŭ, nelzě rěči: ne vědaju, u kogo esmi kupilŭ; po jazyku iti do konca […]
- […] for [the servant] is not cattle, and one cannot say: I don't know who I bought him from; but [one has to] according to [the servant's] testimony search for [the real thief] […]
- circa 1280, Пространная версия Русской правды (Vast Edition of the Russian Law) 33:
- (law term) will, testament
- circa 1280, Пространная версия Русской правды (Vast Edition of the Russian Law) 96:
- […] безъ ꙗзꙑка ли оумреть, то оу кого будеть на дворе бꙑла и кто ю кормилъ, то тому взѧти.
- […] bezŭ jazyka li umretĭ, to u kogo budetĭ na dvore byla i kto ju kormilŭ, to tomu vzęti.
- […] if [the widow] dies with no will, then the one who kept her and fed her shall take [her property].
- circa 1280, Пространная версия Русской правды (Vast Edition of the Russian Law) 96:
Declension
[edit]Declension of ѩзꙑкъ (hard o-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ѩзꙑкъ językŭ |
ѩзꙑка języka |
ѩзꙑци języci |
Genitive | ѩзꙑка języka |
ѩзꙑку języku |
ѩзꙑкъ językŭ |
Dative | ѩзꙑку języku |
ѩзꙑкома językoma |
ѩзꙑкомъ językomŭ |
Accusative | ѩзꙑкъ językŭ |
ѩзꙑка języka |
ѩзꙑкꙑ języky |
Instrumental | ѩзꙑкъмь językŭmĭ |
ѩзꙑкома językoma |
ѩзꙑкꙑ języky |
Locative | ѩзꙑцѣ języcě |
ѩзꙑку języku |
ѩзꙑцѣхъ języcěxŭ |
Vocative | ѩзꙑче języče |
ѩзꙑка języka |
ѩзꙑци języci |
Derived terms
[edit]nouns
- ѩзꙑкоболѣзниѥ n (językobolěznije)
- ѩзꙑкоболѣзньствиѥ n (językobolěznĭstvije)
- ѩзꙑковрѣдиѥ n (językovrědije)
- ѩзꙑчьникъ m (języčĭnikŭ)
adjectives
- ѩзꙑкосвѣтообразьнꙑи (językosvětoobrazĭnyi)
- ѩзꙑчьнꙑи (języčĭnyi)
- ѩзꙑчьскꙑи (języčĭskyi)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “ꙗзꙑкъ = ѧзꙑкъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments][1] (in Russian), volume 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1647
Categories:
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic lemmas
- Old Church Slavonic nouns
- Old Church Slavonic masculine nouns
- Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations
- Old Church Slavonic hard o-stem nouns
- Old Church Slavonic hard masculine o-stem nouns
- cu:Body parts
- cu:Communication
- cu:People
- Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old East Slavic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old East Slavic lemmas
- Old East Slavic nouns
- Old East Slavic masculine nouns
- Old East Slavic terms with quotations
- Old East Slavic terms with collocations
- Old East Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns
- orv:Body parts
- orv:Communication
- orv:Law
- orv:People