ъхна
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Onomatopoeic. ъх (ǎh, onomatopoeic blowing/panting noise) + -на (-na, verb-forming suffix)
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ъ́хна • (ǎ́hna) first-singular present indicative, pf (imperfective ъ́хвам)
- to breathe (on something), often so as to moisten or warm (it) up
- Synonym: у́хам (úham)
- Ъхни на огледалото и ще се избистри.
- Ǎhni na ogledaloto i šte se izbistri.
- Breathe onto the mirror and it'll clarify.
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of ъ́хна (conjugation 1.2, perfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | — | ъ́хнал, ъхна́л1 ǎ́hnal, ǎhnál1 |
ъ́хнел ǎ́hnel |
— | — | |
| definite subject form | — | ъ́хналият, ъхна́лият1 ǎ́hnalijat, ǎhnálijat1 |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | — | ъ́хналия, ъхна́лия1 ǎ́hnalija, ǎhnálija1 |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | — | ъ́хнала, ъхна́ла1 ǎ́hnala, ǎhnála1 |
ъ́хнела ǎ́hnela |
— | ||
| definite | — | ъ́хналата, ъхна́лата1 ǎ́hnalata, ǎhnálata1 |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | — | ъ́хнало, ъхна́ло1 ǎ́hnalo, ǎhnálo1 |
ъ́хнело ǎ́hnelo |
— | — | |
| definite | — | ъ́хналото, ъхна́лото1 ǎ́hnaloto, ǎhnáloto1 |
— | — | — | ||
| plural | indefinite | — | ъ́хнали, ъхна́ли1 ǎ́hnali, ǎhnáli1 |
ъ́хнели ǎ́hneli |
— | — | |
| definite | — | ъ́хналите, ъхна́лите1 ǎ́hnalite, ǎhnálite1 |
— | — | — | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | ъ́хна ǎ́hna |
ъ́хнеш ǎ́hneš |
ъ́хне ǎ́hne |
ъ́хнем ǎ́hnem |
ъ́хнете ǎ́hnete |
ъ́хнат ǎ́hnat | |
| imperfect | ъ́хнех ǎ́hneh |
ъ́хнеше ǎ́hneše |
ъ́хнеше ǎ́hneše |
ъ́хнехме ǎ́hnehme |
ъ́хнехте ǎ́hnehte |
ъ́хнеха ǎ́hneha | |
| aorist | ъ́хнах, ъхна́х1 ǎ́hnah, ǎhnáh1 |
ъ́хна, ъхна́1 ǎ́hna, ǎhná1 |
ъ́хна, ъхна́1 ǎ́hna, ǎhná1 |
ъ́хнахме, ъхна́хме1 ǎ́hnahme, ǎhnáhme1 |
ъ́хнахте, ъхна́хте1 ǎ́hnahte, ǎhnáhte1 |
ъ́хнаха, ъхна́ха1 ǎ́hnaha, ǎhnáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ъ́хнел m, ъ́хнела f, ъ́хнело n, or ъ́хнели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ъ́хнел m, ъ́хнела f, ъ́хнело n, or ъ́хнели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ъ́хнел m, ъ́хнела f, ъ́хнело n, or ъ́хнели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ъ́хнал/ъхна́л1 m, ъ́хнала/ъхна́ла1 f, ъ́хнало/ъхна́ло1 n, or ъ́хнали/ъхна́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| ъхни́ ǎhní |
ъхне́те ǎhnéte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
References
[edit]- “ъхна”, in Български тълковен речник [Bulgarian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), fourth edition, Sofia: Nauka i Izkustvo, 2005, page 1088