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чудь

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Russian

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Etymology

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According to Vasmer, the term probably originally referred to Germanic people, and derives from Proto-Slavic *ťuďь (foreign, strange), from Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰 (þiuda, people); compare to чужо́й (čužój). Alternatively, perhaps related to Sami čuđđe (enemy), but that would require early contact between East Slavs and Sami, and the Sami word might rather be a loanword from Slavic.

The Sami word can be explained as a loan from Slavic during the war between Sami and the Čuđek (if this war has any historical evidence). [1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [t͡ɕʉtʲ]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Homophones: чуть (čutʹ)

Noun

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чудь (čudʹf inan (genitive чу́ди, uncountable, relational adjective чудско́й)

  1. (collective) Chud
  2. (collective, mythology, Urals, Siberia) a legendary people group (extinct or still living a subterranean life), builders of burial mounds and other prehistoric monuments
    • 1865, П. А. Кропоткин, Поездка в Окинский караул:
      Об этих постройках носится предание, вообще очень распространённое в Сибири, что некогда жила тут «чудь» и жила до того времени, пока не стал показываться на горах лес (белая берёза).
      Ob etix postrojkax nositsja predanije, voobšče očenʹ rasprostranjónnoje v Sibiri, što nekogda žila tut «čudʹ» i žila do tovo vremeni, poka ne stal pokazyvatʹsja na gorax les (belaja berjóza).
      There is a legend – a very common one in Siberia – regarding these structures, that long ago the “Chud” lived here, and that they lived until the time when the woods (white birch) first started to grow on the mountains.

Declension

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References

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  1. ^ J.A. Friis (1871) Lappiske Eventyr og Folkesagn
  2. ^ S. Korolyova (2014) Чудь с русскими именами : кого и как поминают на чудских могильниках

Further reading

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  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “чудь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress