хрускам
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
[edit]хру́скам • (hrúskam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective хру́сна)
- (transitive) to crunch, to chomp
- (intransitive) to make crunching noise
- Synonym: хрущя́ (hruštjá)
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of хру́скам (conjugation 3, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | хру́скащ hrúskašt |
хру́скал, хруска́л1 hrúskal, hruskál1 |
хру́скал hrúskal |
хру́скан hrúskan |
хру́скайки hrúskajki | |
| definite subject form | хру́скащият hrúskaštijat |
хру́скалият, хруска́лият1 hrúskalijat, hruskálijat1 |
— | хру́сканият hrúskanijat | |||
| definite object form | хру́скащия hrúskaštija |
хру́скалия, хруска́лия1 hrúskalija, hruskálija1 |
— | хру́скания hrúskanija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | хру́скаща hrúskašta |
хру́скала, хруска́ла1 hrúskala, hruskála1 |
хру́скала hrúskala |
хру́скана hrúskana | ||
| definite | хру́скащата hrúskaštata |
хру́скалата, хруска́лата1 hrúskalata, hruskálata1 |
— | хру́сканата hrúskanata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | хру́скащо hrúskašto |
хру́скало, хруска́ло1 hrúskalo, hruskálo1 |
хру́скало hrúskalo |
хру́скано hrúskano |
хру́скане hrúskane | |
| definite | хру́скащото hrúskaštoto |
хру́скалото, хруска́лото1 hrúskaloto, hruskáloto1 |
— | хру́сканото hrúskanoto |
хру́скането hrúskaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | хру́скащи hrúskašti |
хру́скали, хруска́ли1 hrúskali, hruskáli1 |
хру́скали hrúskali |
хру́скани hrúskani |
хру́скания, хру́сканета hrúskanija, hrúskaneta | |
| definite | хру́скащите hrúskaštite |
хру́скалите, хруска́лите1 hrúskalite, hruskálite1 |
— | хру́сканите hrúskanite |
хру́сканията, хру́сканетата hrúskanijata, hrúskanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | хру́скам hrúskam |
хру́скаш hrúskaš |
хру́ска hrúska |
хру́скаме hrúskame |
хру́скате hrúskate |
хру́скат hrúskat | |
| imperfect | хру́сках hrúskah |
хру́скаше hrúskaše |
хру́скаше hrúskaše |
хру́скахме hrúskahme |
хру́скахте hrúskahte |
хру́скаха hrúskaha | |
| aorist | хру́сках, хруска́х1 hrúskah, hruskáh1 |
хру́ска, хруска́1 hrúska, hruská1 |
хру́ска, хруска́1 hrúska, hruská1 |
хру́скахме, хруска́хме1 hrúskahme, hruskáhme1 |
хру́скахте, хруска́хте1 hrúskahte, hruskáhte1 |
хру́скаха, хруска́ха1 hrúskaha, hruskáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хру́скал m, хру́скала f, хру́скало n, or хру́скали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хру́скал m, хру́скала f, хру́скало n, or хру́скали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хру́скал m, хру́скала f, хру́скало n, or хру́скали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| хру́скай hrúskaj |
хру́скайте hrúskajte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Conjugation of хру́скам (conjugation 3, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | хру́скащ hrúskašt |
хру́скал, хруска́л1 hrúskal, hruskál1 |
хру́скал hrúskal |
— | хру́скайки hrúskajki | |
| definite subject form | хру́скащият hrúskaštijat |
хру́скалият, хруска́лият1 hrúskalijat, hruskálijat1 |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | хру́скащия hrúskaštija |
хру́скалия, хруска́лия1 hrúskalija, hruskálija1 |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | хру́скаща hrúskašta |
хру́скала, хруска́ла1 hrúskala, hruskála1 |
хру́скала hrúskala |
— | ||
| definite | хру́скащата hrúskaštata |
хру́скалата, хруска́лата1 hrúskalata, hruskálata1 |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | хру́скащо hrúskašto |
хру́скало, хруска́ло1 hrúskalo, hruskálo1 |
хру́скало hrúskalo |
— | хру́скане hrúskane | |
| definite | хру́скащото hrúskaštoto |
хру́скалото, хруска́лото1 hrúskaloto, hruskáloto1 |
— | — | хру́скането hrúskaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | хру́скащи hrúskašti |
хру́скали, хруска́ли1 hrúskali, hruskáli1 |
хру́скали hrúskali |
— | хру́скания, хру́сканета hrúskanija, hrúskaneta | |
| definite | хру́скащите hrúskaštite |
хру́скалите, хруска́лите1 hrúskalite, hruskálite1 |
— | — | хру́сканията, хру́сканетата hrúskanijata, hrúskanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | хру́скам hrúskam |
хру́скаш hrúskaš |
хру́ска hrúska |
хру́скаме hrúskame |
хру́скате hrúskate |
хру́скат hrúskat | |
| imperfect | хру́сках hrúskah |
хру́скаше hrúskaše |
хру́скаше hrúskaše |
хру́скахме hrúskahme |
хру́скахте hrúskahte |
хру́скаха hrúskaha | |
| aorist | хру́сках, хруска́х1 hrúskah, hruskáh1 |
хру́ска, хруска́1 hrúska, hruská1 |
хру́ска, хруска́1 hrúska, hruská1 |
хру́скахме, хруска́хме1 hrúskahme, hruskáhme1 |
хру́скахте, хруска́хте1 hrúskahte, hruskáhte1 |
хру́скаха, хруска́ха1 hrúskaha, hruskáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хру́скал m, хру́скала f, хру́скало n, or хру́скали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хру́скал m, хру́скала f, хру́скало n, or хру́скали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хру́скал m, хру́скала f, хру́скало n, or хру́скали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and хру́скал/хруска́л1 m, хру́скала/хруска́ла1 f, хру́скало/хруска́ло1 n, or хру́скали/хруска́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| хру́скай hrúskaj |
хру́скайте hrúskajte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
[edit]- хру́свам (hrúsvam) (semelfactive)
- хрущя́ (hruštjá) (causative-iterative)
- захрускам pf (zahruskam), захрусквам impf (zahruskvam)
- изхрускам pf (izhruskam), изхрусквам impf (izhruskvam)
- нахрускам се pf (nahruskam se), нахрусквам се impf (nahruskvam se)
- схрускам pf (shruskam), сплюсквам impf (spljuskvam)
- хру́скав (hrúskav, “crunchy”)
Related terms
[edit]- хрущя́л (hruštjál, “catilage”)