тхьэмадэ

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Kabardian

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Etymology

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From Common Circassian *tħamada. Cognate with Adyghe тхьаматэ (tḥamatɛ). An adaptation of a foreign word, possibly Persian داماد (dâmâd, bridegroom; son-in-law; father-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law; wooer, lover), the ending reshaped under the influence of Kabardian адэ (adɛ, father). Sometimes explained as тхьэ (tḥɛ, god) +‎ адэ (adɛ, father), but that is a folk etymology.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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тхьэмадэ (tḥɛmadɛ)

  1. foreman (of a village)
  2. boss
  3. master (superior person in status or rank)
  4. chairman
  5. father-in-law
  6. (dialectal) wooer, bridegroom
  7. (dated, possibly archaic) religious leader
  8. (possibly dated) husband

Declension

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Descendants

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(Taking Kabardian as representative of Common Circassian)

Further reading

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  • Abaev, V. I. (1975) “Contribution à l'histoire des mots”, in Mélanges linguistiques offerts à Emile Benveniste (in French), Louvain: Peeters, pages 8–10
  • Abajev, V. I. (1979) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка (in Russian), volume III, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 227
  • Chirikba, Viacheslav A. (1996) A Dictionary of Common Abkhaz[1], Leiden, page 32
  • Карданов Б. М., editor (1957), “тхьэмадэ”, in Кабардинско-русский словарь, Moscow: Gosudarstvennoje izdatelʹstvo inostrannyx i nacionalʹnyx slovarej, page 349b
  • Шагиров, А. К. (1977) К. В. Ломтатидзе, editor, Этимологический словарь адыгских (черкесских) языков[2] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Nauka, pages 82–83