тросвам
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]By surface analysis, тро́скам (tróskam) + -вам (-vam).
Verb
[edit]тро́свам • (trósvam) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (transitive) to smack, to trash (a door, a window, a lid)
- (transitive) to place something somewhere with a clang
- (reflexive with се) to yap, to chide
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of тро́свам (conjugation 3, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | тро́сващ trósvašt |
тро́свал, тросва́л1 trósval, trosvál1 |
тро́свал trósval |
тро́сван trósvan |
тро́свайки trósvajki | |
| definite subject form | тро́сващият trósvaštijat |
тро́свалият, тросва́лият1 trósvalijat, trosválijat1 |
— | тро́сваният trósvanijat | |||
| definite object form | тро́сващия trósvaštija |
тро́свалия, тросва́лия1 trósvalija, trosválija1 |
— | тро́свания trósvanija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | тро́сваща trósvašta |
тро́свала, тросва́ла1 trósvala, trosvála1 |
тро́свала trósvala |
тро́свана trósvana | ||
| definite | тро́сващата trósvaštata |
тро́свалата, тросва́лата1 trósvalata, trosválata1 |
— | тро́сваната trósvanata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | тро́сващо trósvašto |
тро́свало, тросва́ло1 trósvalo, trosválo1 |
тро́свало trósvalo |
тро́свано trósvano |
тро́сване trósvane | |
| definite | тро́сващото trósvaštoto |
тро́свалото, тросва́лото1 trósvaloto, trosváloto1 |
— | тро́сваното trósvanoto |
тро́сването trósvaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | тро́сващи trósvašti |
тро́свали, тросва́ли1 trósvali, trosváli1 |
тро́свали trósvali |
тро́свани trósvani |
тро́свания, тро́сванета trósvanija, trósvaneta | |
| definite | тро́сващите trósvaštite |
тро́свалите, тросва́лите1 trósvalite, trosválite1 |
— | тро́сваните trósvanite |
тро́сванията, тро́сванетата trósvanijata, trósvanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | тро́свам trósvam |
тро́сваш trósvaš |
тро́сва trósva |
тро́сваме trósvame |
тро́свате trósvate |
тро́сват trósvat | |
| imperfect | тро́свах trósvah |
тро́сваше trósvaše |
тро́сваше trósvaše |
тро́свахме trósvahme |
тро́свахте trósvahte |
тро́сваха trósvaha | |
| aorist | тро́свах, тросва́х1 trósvah, trosváh1 |
тро́сва, тросва́1 trósva, trosvá1 |
тро́сва, тросва́1 trósva, trosvá1 |
тро́свахме, тросва́хме1 trósvahme, trosváhme1 |
тро́свахте, тросва́хте1 trósvahte, trosváhte1 |
тро́сваха, тросва́ха1 trósvaha, trosváha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and тро́свал m, тро́свала f, тро́свало n, or тро́свали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and тро́свал m, тро́свала f, тро́свало n, or тро́свали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and тро́свал m, тро́свала f, тро́свало n, or тро́свали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and тро́свал/тросва́л1 m, тро́свала/тросва́ла1 f, тро́свало/тросва́ло1 n, or тро́свали/тросва́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| тро́свай trósvaj |
тро́свайте trósvajte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
References
[edit]- “тросвам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “тросвам се”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010