рутя
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *řutiti, *rutiti (“to scatter, to cast”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ру́тя • (rútja) first-singular present indicative, impf (obsolescent)
- (transitive) to wreck, to ruin, to raze, to destruct
- (reflexive with се) to fall, to collapse, to crumble down
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of ру́тя (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | ру́тещ rútešt |
ру́тил, рути́л1 rútil, rutíl1 |
ру́тел rútel |
ру́тен rúten |
ру́тейки rútejki | |
| definite subject form | ру́тещият rúteštijat |
ру́тилият, рути́лият1 rútilijat, rutílijat1 |
— | ру́теният rútenijat | |||
| definite object form | ру́тещия rúteštija |
ру́тилия, рути́лия1 rútilija, rutílija1 |
— | ру́тения rútenija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | ру́теща rútešta |
ру́тила, рути́ла1 rútila, rutíla1 |
ру́тела rútela |
ру́тена rútena | ||
| definite | ру́тещата rúteštata |
ру́тилата, рути́лата1 rútilata, rutílata1 |
— | ру́тената rútenata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | ру́тещо rútešto |
ру́тило, рути́ло1 rútilo, rutílo1 |
ру́тело rútelo |
ру́тено rúteno |
ру́тене rútene | |
| definite | ру́тещото rúteštoto |
ру́тилото, рути́лото1 rútiloto, rutíloto1 |
— | ру́теното rútenoto |
ру́тенето rúteneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | ру́тещи rútešti |
ру́тили, рути́ли1 rútili, rutíli1 |
ру́тели rúteli |
ру́тени rúteni |
ру́тения, ру́тенета rútenija, rúteneta | |
| definite | ру́тещите rúteštite |
ру́тилите, рути́лите1 rútilite, rutílite1 |
— | ру́тените rútenite |
ру́тенията, ру́тенетата rútenijata, rútenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | ру́тя rútja |
ру́тиш rútiš |
ру́ти rúti |
ру́тим rútim |
ру́тите rútite |
ру́тят rútjat | |
| imperfect | ру́тех rúteh |
ру́теше rúteše |
ру́теше rúteše |
ру́техме rútehme |
ру́техте rútehte |
ру́теха rúteha | |
| aorist | ру́тих, рути́х1 rútih, rutíh1 |
ру́ти, рути́1 rúti, rutí1 |
ру́ти, рути́1 rúti, rutí1 |
ру́тихме, рути́хме1 rútihme, rutíhme1 |
ру́тихте, рути́хте1 rútihte, rutíhte1 |
ру́тиха, рути́ха1 rútiha, rutíha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ру́тел m, ру́тела f, ру́тело n, or ру́тели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ру́тел m, ру́тела f, ру́тело n, or ру́тели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ру́тел m, ру́тела f, ру́тело n, or ру́тели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ру́тил/рути́л1 m, ру́тила/рути́ла1 f, ру́тило/рути́ло1 n, or ру́тили/рути́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| рути́ rutí |
руте́те rutéte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
[edit]- дору́тя pf (dorútja), дору́твам impf (dorútvam) (in completitive sense)
- зару́тя pf (zarútja), зару́твам impf (zarútvam) (in inchoative sense)
- изру́тя (izrútja) (dialectal)
- разру́тя (razrútja) (dialectal)
- пору́тя pf (porútja), пору́твам impf (porútvam, “to pulverize”)
- сру́тя pf (srútja), сру́твам impf (srútvam, “to destroy”)