пӱчкаш
Eastern Mari
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
[edit]пӱчкаш • (püčkaš) (type I conjugation)
- to cut
- to saw
- to cut oneself, to cut (by accident)
- to be sharp, to cut
- вашкӱзӧ ок пӱч, тудым шумаш кӱлеш
- vašküzö ok püč, tudym šumaš küĺeš
- the scissors don't cut, they need to be sharpened
- (medicine) to excise, to remove, to take out, to cut off, to operate, to amputate
- to parcel out, to allot (land)
- (figuratively) to kill (used for animals)
- (figuratively) to cut, to cut down, to reduce, to decrease
- to cut into, to cause cuts, to cut
- to cut out, to cut (fabric)
- (medicine) to vaccinate
- (figuratively) to cut off, to block (e.g., a path)
- (figuratively) to snap back, to speak sharply
- (figuratively) to bother, to disturb, to jar, to irritate
- (figuratively) to cut through (e.g., light through darkness)
- (figuratively) to offend, to wound, to hurt, to cut (someone's heart)
Conjugation
[edit]| Conjugation of пӱчкаш (püčkaš) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Present desiderative | |||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | |
| 1st singular | пӱчкам (püčkam) | ом пӱч (om püč) | пӱчнем (püčńem) | ынем пӱч (yńem püč) |
| 2nd singular | пӱчкат (püčkat) | от пӱч (ot püč) | пӱчнет (püčńet) | ынет пӱч (yńet püč) |
| 3rd singular | пӱчкеш (püčkeš) | ок/огеш пӱч (ok/ogeš püč) | пӱчнеже (püčńeže) | ынеж пӱч (yńež püč) |
| 1st plural | пӱчкына (püčkyna) | она/огына пӱч (ona/ogyna püč) | пӱчнена (püčńena) | ынена пӱч (yńena püč) |
| 2nd plural | пӱчкыда (püčkyda) | ода/огыда пӱч (oda/ogyda püč) | пӱчнеда (püčńeda) | ынеда пӱч (yńeda püč) |
| 3rd plural | пӱчкыт (püčkyt) | огыт пӱч (ogyt püč) | пӱчнешт (püčńešt) | ынешт пӱч (yńešt püč) |
| Direct past indicative | Reported past indicative | |||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | |
| 1st singular | пӱчкым (püčkym) | шым пӱч (šym püč) | пӱчкынам (püčkynam) | пӱчкын омыл (püčkyn omyl) |
| 2nd singular | пӱчкыч (püčkyč) | шыч пӱч (šyč püč) | пӱчкынат (püčkynat) | пӱчкын отыл (püčkyn otyl) |
| 3rd singular | пӱчкӧ (püčkö) | ыш пӱч (yš püč) | пӱчкын (püčkyn) | пӱчкын огыл (püčkyn ogyl) |
| 1st plural | пӱчна (püčna) | ышна пӱч (yšna püč) | пӱчкынна (püčkynna) | пӱчкын онал/огынал (püčkyn onal/ogynal) |
| 2nd plural | пӱчда (püčda) |
ышда пӱч (yšda püč) | пӱчкында (püčkynda) | пӱчкын одал/огыдал (püčkyn odal/ogydal) |
| 3rd plural | пӱчкыч (püčkyč) | ышт пӱч (yšt püč) | пӱчкыныт (püčkynyt) | пӱчкын огытыл (püčkyn ogytyl) |
| Imperative | Infinitive | пӱчкаш (püčkaš) | ||
| positive | negative | Necessitive infinitive | пӱчман (püčman) | |
| 2nd singular | пӱч (püč) | ит пӱч (it püč) | Active participle | пӱчшӧ (püčšö) |
| 3rd singular | пӱчшӧ (püčšö) | ынже пӱч (ynže püč) | Passive participle | пӱчмӧ (püčmö) |
| 1st plural | пӱчкына (püčkyna) | она/огына пӱч (ona/ogyna püč) | Future participle | пӱчшаш (püčšaš) |
| 2nd plural | пӱчса (püčsa) | ида пӱч (ida püč) | Negative participle | пӱчдымӧ (püčdymö) |
| 3nd plural | пӱчкышт (püčkyšt) | ынышт пӱч (ynyšt püč) | Verbal noun | пӱчмаш (püčmaš) |
| *) The future indicative is formed by using the infinitive and the present indicative forms of тӱҥалаш (tüŋalaš). **) The past progressive is formed by using the present indicative forms and the 3rd person singular of the past indicatives of улаш (ulaš). ***) The past desiderative is formed by using the present desiderative forms and the 3rd person singular of the past indicatives of улаш (ulaš). | ||||
Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
[edit]пӱчкаш • (püčkaš) (type I conjugation)
Conjugation
[edit]| Conjugation of пӱчкаш (püčkaš) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Present desiderative | |||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | |
| 1st singular | пӱчкам (püčkam) | ом пӱч (om püč) | пӱчнем (püčńem) | ынем пӱч (yńem püč) |
| 2nd singular | пӱчкат (püčkat) | от пӱч (ot püč) | пӱчнет (püčńet) | ынет пӱч (yńet püč) |
| 3rd singular | пӱчкеш (püčkeš) | ок/огеш пӱч (ok/ogeš püč) | пӱчнеже (püčńeže) | ынеж пӱч (yńež püč) |
| 1st plural | пӱчкына (püčkyna) | она/огына пӱч (ona/ogyna püč) | пӱчнена (püčńena) | ынена пӱч (yńena püč) |
| 2nd plural | пӱчкыда (püčkyda) | ода/огыда пӱч (oda/ogyda püč) | пӱчнеда (püčńeda) | ынеда пӱч (yńeda püč) |
| 3rd plural | пӱчкыт (püčkyt) | огыт пӱч (ogyt püč) | пӱчнешт (püčńešt) | ынешт пӱч (yńešt püč) |
| Direct past indicative | Reported past indicative | |||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | |
| 1st singular | пӱчкым (püčkym) | шым пӱч (šym püč) | пӱчкынам (püčkynam) | пӱчкын омыл (püčkyn omyl) |
| 2nd singular | пӱчкыч (püčkyč) | шыч пӱч (šyč püč) | пӱчкынат (püčkynat) | пӱчкын отыл (püčkyn otyl) |
| 3rd singular | пӱчкӧ (püčkö) | ыш пӱч (yš püč) | пӱчкын (püčkyn) | пӱчкын огыл (püčkyn ogyl) |
| 1st plural | пӱчна (püčna) | ышна пӱч (yšna püč) | пӱчкынна (püčkynna) | пӱчкын онал/огынал (püčkyn onal/ogynal) |
| 2nd plural | пӱчда (püčda) |
ышда пӱч (yšda püč) | пӱчкында (püčkynda) | пӱчкын одал/огыдал (püčkyn odal/ogydal) |
| 3rd plural | пӱчкыч (püčkyč) | ышт пӱч (yšt püč) | пӱчкыныт (püčkynyt) | пӱчкын огытыл (püčkyn ogytyl) |
| Imperative | Infinitive | пӱчкаш (püčkaš) | ||
| positive | negative | Necessitive infinitive | пӱчман (püčman) | |
| 2nd singular | пӱч (püč) | ит пӱч (it püč) | Active participle | пӱчшӧ (püčšö) |
| 3rd singular | пӱчшӧ (püčšö) | ынже пӱч (ynže püč) | Passive participle | пӱчмӧ (püčmö) |
| 1st plural | пӱчкына (püčkyna) | она/огына пӱч (ona/ogyna püč) | Future participle | пӱчшаш (püčšaš) |
| 2nd plural | пӱчса (püčsa) | ида пӱч (ida püč) | Negative participle | пӱчдымӧ (püčdymö) |
| 3nd plural | пӱчкышт (püčkyšt) | ынышт пӱч (ynyšt püč) | Verbal noun | пӱчмаш (püčmaš) |
| *) The future indicative is formed by using the infinitive and the present indicative forms of тӱҥалаш (tüŋalaš). **) The past progressive is formed by using the present indicative forms and the 3rd person singular of the past indicatives of улаш (ulaš). ***) The past desiderative is formed by using the present desiderative forms and the 3rd person singular of the past indicatives of улаш (ulaš). | ||||
References
[edit]- J. Bradley et al. (2023) “пӱчкаш”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna