лежа

See also: лёжа

Bulgarian

Alternative forms

• лежѫ (ležǫ) (Pre-reform orthography (1899)) (lemma)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic лежати (ležati),from Proto-Slavic *ležati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lɛˈʒɤ̟] (lemma)
• IPA^(key): [lɛˈʒa̟] (aorist)

Verb

лежа́ • (ležá) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (intransitive, stative) to lie
   1. to be or to stay at rest in a horizontal position

      Книгата лежи на масата. ― Knigata leži na masata. ― The book is lying on the table.

   2. to underlie

      лежа в основата на ― leža v osnovata na ― to lie at the root of

   3. to lie sick, to be laid up (to be sick in bed)
   4. (of birds) to lie on eggs (in order to keep them warm), to incubate
2. (intransitive, iterative) to repose, to be situated
   1. to remain poised or stationary in the air, to hang

      Гъста мъгла лежи над клисурата.

      Gǎsta mǎgla leži nad klisurata.

      А heavy fog is hanging over the gorge.

   2. to lie idle, to be idle, to remain idle, to do noting

      Synonyms: мързелувам (mǎrzeluvam), безделнича (bezdelniča), бездействам (bezdejstvam)

   3. (figurative) to serve a term in prison, to do time

      лежах X години в затвора ― ležah X godini v zatvora ― to had served X years in prison

Conjugation

    Conjugation of лежа́ (conjugation 2.3, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	лежа́щ, леже́щ1 ležášt, ležéšt1	лежа́л ležál	лежа́л, леже́л1 ležál, ležél1	—		леже́йки ležéjki
	definite subject form	лежа́щият, леже́щият1 ležáštijat, ležéštijat1	лежа́лият ležálijat	—	—
	definite object form	лежа́щия, леже́щия1 ležáštija, ležéštija1	лежа́лия ležálija	—	—
feminine	indefinite	лежа́ща, леже́ща1 ležášta, ležéšta1	лежа́ла ležála	лежа́ла, леже́ла1 ležála, ležéla1	—
	definite	лежа́щата, леже́щата1 ležáštata, ležéštata1	лежа́лата ležálata	—	—
neuter	indefinite	лежа́що, леже́що1 ležášto, ležéšto1	лежа́ло ležálo	лежа́ло, леже́ло1 ležálo, ležélo1	—	лежа́не ležáne
	definite	лежа́щото, леже́щото1 ležáštoto, ležéštoto1	лежа́лото ležáloto	—	—	лежа́нето ležáneto
plural	indefinite	лежа́щи, леже́щи1 ležášti, ležéšti1	лежа́ли ležáli	лежа́ли, леже́ли1 ležáli, ležéli1	—	лежа́ния, лежа́нета ležánija, ležáneta
	definite	лежа́щите, леже́щите1 ležáštite, ležéštite1	лежа́лите ležálite	—	—	лежа́нията, лежа́нетата ležánijata, ležánetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		лежа́ ležá	лежи́ш ležíš	лежи́ leží	лежи́м ležím	лежи́те ležíte	лежа́т ležát
imperfect		лежа́х, леже́х1 ležáh, ležéh1	леже́ше ležéše	леже́ше ležéše	лежа́хме, леже́хме1 ležáhme, ležéhme1	лежа́хте, леже́хте1 ležáhte, ležéhte1	лежа́ха, леже́ха1 ležáha, ležéha1
aorist		лежа́х ležáh	лежа́ ležá	лежа́ ležá	лежа́хме ležáhme	лежа́хте ležáhte	лежа́ха ležáha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and лежа́л/леже́л1 m, лежа́ла/леже́ла1 f, лежа́ло/леже́ло1 n, or лежа́ли/леже́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and лежа́л/леже́л1 m, лежа́ла/леже́ла1 f, лежа́ло/леже́ло1 n, or лежа́ли/леже́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and лежа́л/леже́л1 m, лежа́ла/леже́ла1 f, лежа́ло/леже́ло1 n, or лежа́ли/леже́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			лежи́ leží			леже́те ležéte

¹Largely fallen into disuse.

Derived terms

verbs

• долежа pf (doleža), долежавам impf (doležavam)
• залежа pf (zaleža), залежавам impf (zaležavam)
• излежа pf (izleža), излежавам impf (izležavam)
• належа се pf (naleža se), належавам се impf (naležavam se)
• олежа се pf (oleža se), олежавам се impf (oležavam se)
• отлежа pf (otleža), отлежавам impf (otležavam)
• полежа pf (poleža), полежавам impf (poležavam)
• прележа pf (preleža), прележавам impf (preležavam)
• пролежа pf (proleža), пролежавам impf (proležavam)
• разлежа се pf (razleža se), разлежавам се impf (razležavam se)

 

nouns

• ле́жище (léžište)
• ле́жка (léžka) (dialectal)
• ле́жла f (léžla) (colloquial)
• ле́жльо m (léžljo) (colloquial)
• (agent noun) лежа́к m (ležák)
• (action noun) лежа́нка (ležánka)
• (agent noun) лежа́ч m (ležáč)
• (agent noun) лежа́чка f (ležáčka)

 

adjectives

• ле́жавш (léžavš) (obsolete)
• ле́жен (léžen) (dialectal)

 

Related terms

• ля́гам (ljágam, “to lie down”)
• легло́ (legló, “bed”)
• лего́вище (legóvište, “lair”)
• лог (log), ло́жe (lóže, “couch”) (o-stem)

Verb

лежа́ • (ležá)

1. second-person singular aorist indicative of лежа́ (ležá)
2. third-person singular aorist indicative of лежа́ (ležá)

References

• “лежа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “лежа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov (1899) “лѣжѭ́, -ишь; -жꙗ́лъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 30
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лежа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 346
• “лежати”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024