зема
Macedonian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]зема • (zema) third-singular present, impf (perfective земе)
- (transitive) to take
- (transitive) to get
Usage notes
[edit]- For some speakers, the perfective земе (zeme) is conjugated as class 3a. Thus, one may often hear things like земав две книги од фиоката (zemav dve knigi od fiokata) to mean "I took two books from the drawer". This usage results in partial conflation in form with the imperfect of зема (zema) and is non-standard. In the standard language, the verb земе (zeme) is an irregular member of class 3f and would render aforementioned sentence as зедов две книги од фиоката (zedov dve knigi od fiokata).
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of зема (imperfective, present in -а)
| l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | земал | — | adjectival participle | земан | ||
| feminine | земала | — | adverbial participle | земајќи | ||
| neuter | земало | — | verbal noun | земање | ||
| plural | земале | — | perfect participle | земано | ||
| present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
| 1st singular | земам | земав | — | — | ||
| 2nd singular | земаш | земаше | — | земај | ||
| 3rd singular | зема | земаше | — | — | ||
| 1st plural | земаме | земавме | — | — | ||
| 2nd plural | земате | земавте | — | земајте | ||
| 3rd plural | земаат | земаа | — | — | ||
| Compound tenses | ||||||
| perfect | сум земал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-perfect | имам земано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
| pluperfect | бев земал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-pluperfect | имав земано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| има-perfect reported | сум имал земано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future | ќе земам | ќе + present | ||||
| има-future | ќе имам земано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future in the past | ќе земав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
| има-future in the past | ќе имав земано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future reported | ќе сум земал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-future reported | ќе сум имал земано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
| conditional | би земал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-conditional | би имал земано | conditional of има + perfect participle | ||||