φαλάγγιον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From φάλαγξ (phálanx, “phalanx, battle array”) +‎ -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰa.láŋ.ɡi.on/ → /ɸaˈlaɲ.ɟi.on/ → /faˈlaɲ.ɟi.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰa.láŋ.ɡi.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰaˈlaŋ.ɡi.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸaˈlaɲ.ɟi.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /faˈlaɲ.ɟi.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /faˈlaɲ.ɟi.on/

Noun

φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον • (phălắngĭon) n (genitive φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ου); second declension

1. European black widow, malmignatte (Latrodectus tredecimguttatus)

   Synonym: ῥάξ (rháx)

2. spiderwort (Gagea graeca)
3. log or roller put under a ship

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον; τοῦ φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον tò phălắngĭon	τὼ φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ω tṑ phălăngĭ́ō	τᾰ̀ φᾰλᾰ́γγῐᾰ tằ phălắngĭă
Genitive	τοῦ φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ου toû phălăngĭ́ou	τοῖν φᾰλᾰγγῐ́οιν toîn phălăngĭ́oin	τῶν φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ων tôn phălăngĭ́ōn
Dative	τῷ φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ῳ tôi phălăngĭ́ōi	τοῖν φᾰλᾰγγῐ́οιν toîn phălăngĭ́oin	τοῖς φᾰλᾰγγῐ́οις toîs phălăngĭ́ois
Accusative	τὸ φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον tò phălắngĭon	τὼ φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ω tṑ phălăngĭ́ō	τᾰ̀ φᾰλᾰ́γγῐᾰ tằ phălắngĭă
Vocative	φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον phălắngĭon	φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ω phălăngĭ́ō	φᾰλᾰ́γγῐᾰ phălắngĭă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• φαλαγγιάω (phalangiáō)
• φαλαγγιόδηκτος (phalangiódēktos)
• φαλαγγιόπληκτος (phalangióplēktos)

Descendants

• Greek: σφαλάγγι (sfalángi)
• → Latin: phalangium
• → Translingual: Phalangium

Further reading

• “φαλάγγιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φαλάγγιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• φαλάγγιον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette