φάσμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From φαίνω (phaínō, “to bring to light, to cause to appear”) +‎ -μα (-ma, nominal suffix) with -σ- from analogy to other -αίνω : -ασμα or from φάσις (phásis).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰáz.ma/ → /ˈɸaz.ma/ → /ˈfaz.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰáz.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰaz.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸaz.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfaz.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfaz.ma/

Noun

φάσμα • (phásma) n (genitive φάσματος); third declension

1. Apparition, phantom.

   φάσμα ἀνθρώπου ― phásma anthrṓpou ― spectral appearance of a man

2. Appearance, phenomenon.
3. (shows, mysteries) Images or types of realities.
4. Sign from heaven, portent, omen.
5. Monster, prodigy.

   φάσμα ταύρου ― phásma taúrou ― a monster of a bull

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ φᾰ́σμᾰ; τοῦ φᾰ́σμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ φᾰ́σμᾰ tò phắsmă	τὼ φᾰ́σμᾰτε tṑ phắsmăte	τᾰ̀ φᾰ́σμᾰτᾰ tằ phắsmătă
Genitive	τοῦ φᾰ́σμᾰτος toû phắsmătos	τοῖν φᾰσμᾰ́τοιν toîn phăsmắtoin	τῶν φᾰσμᾰ́των tôn phăsmắtōn
Dative	τῷ φᾰ́σμᾰτῐ tôi phắsmătĭ	τοῖν φᾰσμᾰ́τοιν toîn phăsmắtoin	τοῖς φᾰ́σμᾰσῐ / φᾰ́σμᾰσῐν toîs phắsmăsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ φᾰ́σμᾰ tò phắsmă	τὼ φᾰ́σμᾰτε tṑ phắsmăte	τᾰ̀ φᾰ́σμᾰτᾰ tằ phắsmătă
Vocative	φᾰ́σμᾰ phắsmă	φᾰ́σμᾰτε phắsmăte	φᾰ́σμᾰτᾰ phắsmătă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: phasma
  • → Translingual: Phasma

References

• “φάσμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press