τρυφάλεια

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A derivative of φάλος (phálos, “crest of a helmet”). Hesychius says τρυ- (tru-) is for τρι- (tri-, “three”); Liddell & Scott deny this but do not say what it does represent. Cunliffe says it represents τετρα- (tetra-, “four”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /try.pʰá.leː.a/ → /tryˈɸa.li.a/ → /triˈfa.li.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /try.pʰá.leː.a/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tryˈpʰa.li.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /tryˈɸa.li.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /tryˈfa.li.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /triˈfa.li.a/

Noun

τρῠφάλειᾰ • (trŭpháleiă) f (genitive τρῠφᾰλείης); first declension

1. (Epic) helmet

   Synonyms: κόρυς (kórus), κράνος (krános)

Declension

First declension of τρῠφᾰ́λειᾰ; τρῠφᾰλείης (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τρῠφᾰ́λειᾰ trŭphắleiă	τρῠφᾰλείᾱ trŭphăleíā	τρῠφᾰ́λειαι trŭphắleiai
Genitive	τρῠφᾰλείης trŭphăleíēs	τρῠφᾰλείαιν / τρῠφᾰλείαιῐν / τρῠφᾰλείῃῐν trŭphăleíai(ĭ)n / trŭphăleíēiĭn	τρῠφᾰλειᾱ́ων / τρῠφᾰλειέ͜ων / τρῠφᾰλειῶν trŭphăleiā́ōn / trŭphăleié͜ōn / trŭphăleiôn
Dative	τρῠφᾰλείῃ trŭphăleíēi	τρῠφᾰλείαιν / τρῠφᾰλείαιῐν / τρῠφᾰλείῃῐν trŭphăleíai(ĭ)n / trŭphăleíēiĭn	τρῠφᾰλείῃσῐ / τρῠφᾰλείῃσῐν / τρῠφᾰλείῃς / τρῠφᾰλείαις trŭphăleíēisĭ(n) / trŭphăleíēis / trŭphăleíais
Accusative	τρῠφᾰ́λειᾰν trŭphắleiăn	τρῠφᾰλείᾱ trŭphăleíā	τρῠφᾰλείᾱς trŭphăleíās
Vocative	τρῠφᾰ́λειᾰ trŭphắleiă	τρῠφᾰλείᾱ trŭphăleíā	τρῠφᾰ́λειαι trŭphắleiai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Further reading

• “τρυφάλεια”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• τρυφάλεια in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• τρυφάλεια in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “τρυφάλεια”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press