σφόνδυλος
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The formation is similar to δάκτυλος (dáktulos) and κόνδυλος (kóndulos), probably first from a noun *σφόνδος (*sphóndos). Sometimes connected with words like σφενδόνη (sphendónē), σφεδανός (sphedanós) and σφαδάζω (sphadázō), but this is mere speculation. The variation σφ/σπ points to a Pre-Greek origin.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /spʰón.dy.los/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈspʰon.dy.los/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈsɸon.dy.los/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈsfon.dy.los/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈsfon.di.los/
Noun
[edit]σφόνδῠλος • (sphóndulos) m (genitive σφονδῠ́λου); second declension
- vertebra (especially the cervical vertebrae)
- joint (especially of a scorpion's tail)
- tambour
- spindle whorl
- whorl (botany)
- voting pebble
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ σφόνδῠλος ho sphóndulos |
τὼ σφονδῠ́λω tṑ sphondúlō |
οἱ σφόνδῠλοι hoi sphónduloi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ σφονδῠ́λου toû sphondúlou |
τοῖν σφονδῠ́λοιν toîn sphondúloin |
τῶν σφονδῠ́λων tôn sphondúlōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ σφονδῠ́λῳ tôi sphondúlōi |
τοῖν σφονδῠ́λοιν toîn sphondúloin |
τοῖς σφονδῠ́λοις toîs sphondúlois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν σφόνδῠλον tòn sphóndulon |
τὼ σφονδῠ́λω tṑ sphondúlō |
τοὺς σφονδῠ́λους toùs sphondúlous | ||||||||||
Vocative | σφόνδῠλε sphóndule |
σφονδῠ́λω sphondúlō |
σφόνδῠλοι sphónduloi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]- σφονδύλιον (sphondúlion)
- σφονδυλίς (sphondulís)
- σφονδυλίων (sphondulíōn)
- σφονδυλοδίνητος (sphondulodínētos)
- σφονδυλόεις (sphondulóeis)
- σφονδυλόμαντις (sphondulómantis)
- σφονδυλώδης (sphondulṓdēs)
References
[edit]- “σφόνδυλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σφόνδυλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
[edit]Noun
[edit]σφόνδυλος • (sfóndylos) m (plural σφόνδυλοι)
- (colloquial) Alternative form of σπόνδυλος (spóndylos)
Declension
[edit]Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- grc:Skeleton
- Greek lemmas
- Greek nouns
- Greek masculine nouns
- Greek colloquialisms
- Greek nouns declining like 'άνθρωπος'