συβώτης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀱𐀦𐀲 (su-qo-ta), from Proto-Hellenic *sugʷṓtās, equivalent to σῦς (sûs, “swine”) +‎ βω- (bō-, “to feed”) (from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₃-) + -της (-tēs). Compare Latin subulcus.

The short vowel and preservation of initial /s/ are difficult to explain.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sy.bɔ̌ː.tɛːs/ → /syˈβo.tis/ → /siˈvo.tis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sy.bɔ̌ː.tɛːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /syˈbo.te̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /syˈβo.tis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /syˈvo.tis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /siˈvo.tis/

Noun

σῠβώτης • (sŭbṓtēs) m (genitive σῠβώτου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic)

1. swineherd

Declension

First declension of ὁ σῠβώτης; τοῦ σῠβώτου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σῠβώτης ho sŭbṓtēs	τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ sŭbṓtā	οἱ σῠβῶται hoi sŭbôtai
Genitive	τοῦ σῠβώτου toû sŭbṓtou	τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn sŭbṓtain	τῶν σῠβωτῶν tôn sŭbōtôn
Dative	τῷ σῠβώτῃ tôi sŭbṓtēi	τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn sŭbṓtain	τοῖς σῠβώταις toîs sŭbṓtais
Accusative	τὸν σῠβώτην tòn sŭbṓtēn	τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ sŭbṓtā	τοὺς σῠβώτᾱς toùs sŭbṓtās
Vocative	σῠβῶτᾰ sŭbôtă	σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā	σῠβῶται sŭbôtai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of σῠβώτης; σῠβώτᾱο (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	σῠβώτης sŭbṓtēs	σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā	σῠβῶται sŭbôtai
Genitive	σῠβώτᾱο / σῠβώτε͜ω / σῠβώτω sŭbṓtāo / sŭbṓte͜ō / sŭbṓtō	σῠβώταιν / σῠβώταιῐν / σῠβώτῃῐν sŭbṓtai(ĭ)n / sŭbṓtēiĭn	σῠβωτᾱ́ων / σῠβωτέ͜ων / σῠβωτῶν sŭbōtā́ōn / sŭbōté͜ōn / sŭbōtôn
Dative	σῠβώτῃ sŭbṓtēi	σῠβώταιν / σῠβώταιῐν / σῠβώτῃῐν sŭbṓtai(ĭ)n / sŭbṓtēiĭn	σῠβώτῃσῐ / σῠβώτῃσῐν / σῠβώτῃς / σῠβώταις sŭbṓtēisĭ(n) / sŭbṓtēis / sŭbṓtais
Accusative	σῠβώτην sŭbṓtēn	σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā	σῠβώτᾱς sŭbṓtās
Vocative	σῠβῶτᾰ sŭbôtă	σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā	σῠβῶται sŭbôtai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First declension of ὁ σῠβώτης; τοῦ σῠβώτεω (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σῠβώτης ho sŭbṓtēs	τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ sŭbṓtā	οἱ σῠβῶται hoi sŭbôtai
Genitive	τοῦ σῠβώτεω / σῠβώτω toû sŭbṓteō / sŭbṓtō	τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn sŭbṓtain	τῶν σῠβωτέων / σῠβωτῶν tôn sŭbōtéōn / sŭbōtôn
Dative	τῷ σῠβώτῃ tôi sŭbṓtēi	τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn sŭbṓtain	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν σῠβώτῃσῐ / σῠβώτῃσῐν toîsĭ(n) sŭbṓtēisĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν σῠβώτην tòn sŭbṓtēn	τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ sŭbṓtā	τοὺς σῠβώτᾱς toùs sŭbṓtās
Vocative	σῠβῶτᾰ sŭbôtă	σῠβώτᾱ sŭbṓtā	σῠβῶται sŭbôtai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Further reading

• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σῦς, συός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1425
• “συβώτης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • swineherd idem, page 849.