σπεῖρα

See also: σπείρα

Ancient Greek

From Proto-Indo-European *sper-yeh₂-, from *sper- (“to twist”), and thus cognate with σπάργανον (spárganon, “swaddling clothes”), σπάρτον (spárton, “rope, cable”), and σπεῖρον (speîron, “shroud”).^[1] Outside of Hellenic, cognate with Old Armenian փարել (pʻarel, “to enclose, embrace”) (whence Armenian փարվել (pʻarvel, “id”)),^[2] as well as perhaps Albanian fier (“fern”) (which directly corresponds in formation with σπεῖρον (speîron)).^[3]

σπεῖρα • (speîra) f (genitive σπείρᾱς); first declension

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σπεῖρᾰ hē speîră	τὼ σπείρᾱ tṑ speírā	αἱ σπεῖραι hai speîrai
Genitive	τῆς σπείρᾱς tês speírās	τοῖν σπείραιν toîn speírain	τῶν σπειρῶν tôn speirôn
Dative	τῇ σπείρᾳ têi speírāi	τοῖν σπείραιν toîn speírain	ταῖς σπείραις taîs speírais
Accusative	τὴν σπεῖρᾰν tḕn speîrăn	τὼ σπείρᾱ tṑ speírā	τᾱ̀ς σπείρᾱς tā̀s speírās
Vocative	σπεῖρᾰ speîră	σπείρᾱ speírā	σπεῖραι speîrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σπεῖρᾰ hē speîră	τὼ σπείρᾱ tṑ speírā	αἱ σπεῖραι hai speîrai
Genitive	τῆς σπείρης tês speírēs	τοῖν σπείραιν toîn speírain	τῶν σπειρέων / σπειρῶν tôn speiréōn / speirôn
Dative	τῇ σπείρῃ têi speírēi	τοῖν σπείραιν toîn speírain	τῇσῐ / τῇσῐν σπείρῃσῐ / σπείρῃσῐν têisĭ(n) speírēisĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν σπεῖρᾰν tḕn speîrăn	τὼ σπείρᾱ tṑ speírā	τᾱ̀ς σπείρᾱς tā̀s speírās
Vocative	σπεῖρᾰ speîră	σπείρᾱ speírā	σπεῖραι speîrai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπεῖρα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1379
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπάρτον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1377: “Despite Beekes claiming that "(Armenian) p' cannot come from PIE *sp-", said phonetic shift appears to be a legal and expected outcome.”
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπεῖρον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1379

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

σπεῖρα • (speîra)