σκορπίος

See also: σκορπιός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Sometimes suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”), but Beekes notes that it is more likely a Pre-Greek loanword instead, with a pre-form along the lines of *karaᵐp-, and possibly related to κᾱ́ρᾰβος (kā́rabos, “beetle, crustacean”), κερᾰ́μβῠξ (kerámbux, “longhorn beetle”), κηρᾰφῐ́ς (kēraphís, “a kind of locust”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /skor.pí.os/ → /skorˈpi.os/ → /skorˈpi.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /skor.pí.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /skorˈpi.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /skorˈpi.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /skorˈpi.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /skorˈpi.os/

Noun

σκορπῐ́ος • (skorpíos) m (genitive σκορπῐ́ου); second declension

1. scorpion
2. scorpionfish (Scorpaena scrofa)

   Synonym: σκόρπαινα (skórpaina)

3. scorpion furze (Genista acanthoclada)

   Synonym: ἐχινόπους (ekhinópous)

4. scorpion root (Doronicum orientale)
5. (astronomy) Scorpio, a constellation
6. engine of war which discharged arrows

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ σκορπῐ́ος; τοῦ σκορπῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σκορπῐ́ος ho skorpíos	τὼ σκορπῐ́ω tṑ skorpíō	οἱ σκορπῐ́οι hoi skorpíoi
Genitive	τοῦ σκορπῐ́ου toû skorpíou	τοῖν σκορπῐ́οιν toîn skorpíoin	τῶν σκορπῐ́ων tôn skorpíōn
Dative	τῷ σκορπῐ́ῳ tôi skorpíōi	τοῖν σκορπῐ́οιν toîn skorpíoin	τοῖς σκορπῐ́οις toîs skorpíois
Accusative	τὸν σκορπῐ́ον tòn skorpíon	τὼ σκορπῐ́ω tṑ skorpíō	τοὺς σκορπῐ́ους toùs skorpíous
Vocative	σκορπῐ́ε skorpíe	σκορπῐ́ω skorpíō	σκορπῐ́οι skorpíoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• σκόρπαινα (skórpaina)
• σκόρπειος (skórpeios)
• σκορπιακός (skorpiakós)
• σκορπιανός (skorpianós)
• σκορπίδιον (skorpídion)
• σκορπίζω (skorpízō)
• σκορπιόδηκτος (skorpiódēktos)
• σκορπιοειδής (skorpioeidḗs)
• σκορπιόεις (skorpióeis)
• σκορπίοθεν (skorpíothen)
• σκορπιοκτόνον (skorpioktónon)
• σκορπιομάχος (skorpiomákhos)
• σκορπίον (skorpíon)
• σκορπιόομαι (skorpióomai)
• σκορπιόπληκτος (skorpióplēktos)
• σκορπίουρος (skorpíouros)
• σκορπιοφόρος (skorpiophóros)
• σκορπίς (skorpís)
• σκόρπισις (skórpisis)
• σκορπισμός (skorpismós)
• σκορπιστής (skorpistḗs)
• σκορπιστικός (skorpistikós)
• σκορπῖτις (skorpîtis)
• σκορπιώδης (skorpiṓdēs)

 

Descendants

• Greek: σκορπιός m (skorpiós)
• → Latin: scorpiō, scorpios, scorpius
  • →? Albanian: shkrap
  • Catalan: escorpí
  • Old French: scorpion
    • French: scorpion
    • → Middle Dutch: scorpioen
      • Dutch: schorpioen
    • → English: scorpion
      • → Welsh: sgorpion
  • → German: Skorpion
  • → Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍀𐌾𐍉 (skaurpjō)
  • → Middle Irish: scoirp
    • Irish: scairp
  • Italian: scorpione
  • >? Italian: sgorbio
  • → Middle Low German: schorpie
  • → Norwegian Bokmål: skorpion
  • Portuguese: escorpião
  • Romanian: scorpion
  • Romansch: scorpiun
  • → Russian: скорпио́н m (skorpión)
  • Sicilian: scurpiuni
  • Spanish: escorpión
• → Classical Sanskrit: कौर्पि (kaurpi)

Further reading

• “σκορπίος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σκορπίος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G4651 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • scorpion idem, page 741.
• “σκορπίος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011