σάττω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *twenk- (“to squeeze, press together; pressure”), the same root of Proto-Germanic *þwangiz (“belt, strap; clamp”) and Lithuanian tveñkti (“to dam up”). The connection with Tocharian A twāṅk is, however, difficult, both because of the difference in the preforms needed and because of the uncertain meaning of the poorly-attested Tocharian verb (traditionally translated as "to force in").[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /sát.tɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈsat.to/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈsat.to/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈsat.to/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈsa.to/
Verb
[edit]σᾰ́ττω • (sáttō)
- to stuff quite full, cram, pack
- Synonym: νᾰ́σσω (nássō)
- to press close, compress
- to equip with a store
- (figuratively) to load
Inflection
[edit] Present: σᾰ́ττω, σᾰ́ττομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔσᾰττον | ἔσᾰττες | ἔσᾰττε(ν) | ἐσᾰ́ττετον | ἐσᾰττέτην | ἐσᾰ́ττομεν | ἐσᾰ́ττετε | ἔσᾰττον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐσᾰττόμην | ἐσᾰ́ττου | ἐσᾰ́ττετο | ἐσᾰ́ττεσθον | ἐσᾰττέσθην | ἐσᾰττόμεθᾰ | ἐσᾰ́ττεσθε | ἐσᾰ́ττοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | σᾰ́ξω | σᾰ́ξεις | σᾰ́ξει | σᾰ́ξετον | σᾰ́ξετον | σᾰ́ξομεν | σᾰ́ξετε | σᾰ́ξουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | σᾰ́ξοιμῐ | σᾰ́ξοις | σᾰ́ξοι | σᾰ́ξοιτον | σᾰξοίτην | σᾰ́ξοιμεν | σᾰ́ξοιτε | σᾰ́ξοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | σᾰ́ξομαι | σᾰ́ξῃ, σᾰ́ξει |
σᾰ́ξεται | σᾰ́ξεσθον | σᾰ́ξεσθον | σᾰξόμεθᾰ | σᾰ́ξεσθε | σᾰ́ξονται | ||||
optative | σᾰξοίμην | σᾰ́ξοιο | σᾰ́ξοιτο | σᾰ́ξοισθον | σᾰξοίσθην | σᾰξοίμεθᾰ | σᾰ́ξοισθε | σᾰ́ξοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | σᾰχθήσομαι | σᾰχθήσῃ | σᾰχθήσεται | σᾰχθήσεσθον | σᾰχθήσεσθον | σᾰχθησόμεθᾰ | σᾰχθήσεσθε | σᾰχθήσονται | ||||
optative | σᾰχθησοίμην | σᾰχθήσοιο | σᾰχθήσοιτο | σᾰχθήσοισθον | σᾰχθησοίσθην | σᾰχθησοίμεθᾰ | σᾰχθήσοισθε | σᾰχθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | σᾰ́ξειν | σᾰ́ξεσθαι | σᾰχθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | σᾰ́ξων | σᾰξόμενος | σᾰχθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | σᾰ́ξουσᾰ | σᾰξομένη | σᾰχθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | σᾰ́ξον | σᾰξόμενον | σᾰχθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀποσᾰ́ττω (aposáttō)
- δῐᾰσᾰ́ττω (diasáttō)
- ἐνσᾰ́ττω (ensáttō)
- ἐπῐσᾰ́ττω (episáttō)
- κᾰτᾰσᾰ́ττω (katasáttō)
- πᾰρᾰσᾰ́ττω (parasáttō)
- περῐσᾰ́ττω (perisáttō)
- σᾰγή (sagḗ)
- σᾰ́γμᾰ (ságma)
- σᾰ́κτᾱς (sáktās)
- σᾰκτήρ (saktḗr)
- σᾰκτός (saktós)
- σᾰ́κτρᾱ (sáktrā)
- σᾰ́κτωρ (sáktōr)
- σᾰ́ξῐς (sáxis)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σάττω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1311
Further reading
[edit]- “σάττω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “σάττω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- σάττω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette