σάπων

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Usually said to be from Latin sāpō, but borrowing from Galatian is also possible. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *saipǭ (“soap”), from Proto-Indo-European *seyp-, *seyb- (“to pour, strain, trickle”). Cognate with Old English sāpe (“soap”). More at soap.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sǎː.pɔːn/ → /ˈsa.pon/ → /ˈsa.pon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sǎː.pɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.pon/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.pon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.pon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.pon/

Noun

σᾱ́πων • (sā́pōn) m (genitive σᾱ́πωνος); third declension

1. (Koine) soap
   • Aretaeus of Cappadocia, De Curatione Diuturnorum Morborum 2.13
   • 23 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Natural History 28.12
   • Serenus Sammonicus 158

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ σᾱ́πων; τοῦ σᾱ́πωνος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σᾱ́πων ho sā́pōn	τὼ σᾱ́πωνε tṑ sā́pōne	οἱ σᾱ́πωνες hoi sā́pōnes
Genitive	τοῦ σᾱ́πωνος toû sā́pōnos	τοῖν σᾱπώνοιν toîn sāpṓnoin	τῶν σᾱπώνων tôn sāpṓnōn
Dative	τῷ σᾱ́πωνῐ tôi sā́pōni	τοῖν σᾱπώνοιν toîn sāpṓnoin	τοῖς σᾱ́πωσῐ / σᾱ́πωσῐν toîs sā́pōsi(n)
Accusative	τὸν σᾱ́πωνᾰ tòn sā́pōna	τὼ σᾱ́πωνε tṑ sā́pōne	τοὺς σᾱ́πωνᾰς toùs sā́pōnas
Vocative	σᾱ́πων sā́pōn	σᾱ́πωνε sā́pōne	σᾱ́πωνες sā́pōnes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• σαπώνιον (sapṓnion)

Descendants

• → Classical Syriac: ܨܦܘܢܐ
  • → Arabic: صَابُون (ṣābūn) (see there for further descendants)
• → Greek: σάπων (sápon)
• → Georgian: საპონი (saṗoni)
• → Middle Persian: *sābōn
  • Persian: صابون (sâbun)
  • Tajik: собун (sobun)
• → Old Armenian: սապոն (sapon)
  • Middle Armenian: սապոն (sapon)
• ⇒ Koine Greek: σαπώνιον (sapṓnion) (diminutive)
  • Byzantine Greek: σαπούνιν (sapoúnin)
    • Greek: σαπούνι (sapoúni)
      • → Bulgarian: сапун (sapun)
      • → Romani: saûni
    • Mariupol Greek: сапо́н (sapón)

Further reading

• “σάπων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σάπων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1307

Greek

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σάπων (sápōn, “soap”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsapon/
• Hyphenation: σά‧πων

Noun

σάπων • (sápon) m (plural σάπωνες)

1. Katharevousa form of σαπούνι (sapoúni, “soap”)

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	σάπων (sápon)	σάπωνες (sápones)
genitive	σάπωνος (sáponos)	σαπώνων (sapónon)
accusative	σάπωνα (sápona)	σάπωνας (sáponas)
vocative	σάπων (sápon)	σάπωνες (sápones)