πταίω
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Probably from Proto-Indo-European *p(y)eh₂w- (“to strike, hit”), and cognate with Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”) and Lithuanian pjáuti (“to reap, cut”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ptǎi̯.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈptɛ.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈptɛ.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpte.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpte.o/
Verb
[edit]πταίω • (ptaíō)
- (transitive) to cause to stumble, fall or fail
- (intransitive) to stumble, trip, fall
- (intransitive, figurative) to make a false step, fail, offend
Conjugation
[edit] Present: πταίω, πταίομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔπταιον | ἔπταιες | ἔπταιε(ν) | ἐπταίετον | ἐπταιέτην | ἐπταίομεν | ἐπταίετε | ἔπταιον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπταιόμην | ἐπταίου | ἐπταίετο | ἐπταίεσθον | ἐπταιέσθην | ἐπταιόμεθᾰ | ἐπταίεσθε | ἐπταίοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Quotations
[edit]- New Testament, Epistle to the Romans 11:11a:
- λέγω οὖν, μὴ ἔπταισαν ἵνα πέσωσι;
- légō oûn, mḕ éptaisan hína pésōsi?
- Translation by KJV
- I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall?
- λέγω οὖν, μὴ ἔπταισαν ἵνα πέσωσι;
- New Testament, Epistle of James 3:2:
- πολλὰ γὰρ πταίομεν ἅπαντες. εἴ τις ἐν λόγῳ οὐ πταίει, οὗτος τέλειος ἀνήρ, δυνατὸς χαλιναγωγῆσαι καὶ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα.
- pollà gàr ptaíomen hápantes. eí tis en lógōi ou ptaíei, hoûtos téleios anḗr, dunatòs khalinagōgêsai kaì hólon tò sôma.
- Translation by KJV
- For in many things we offend all. If any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man, and able also to bridle the whole body.
- πολλὰ γὰρ πταίομεν ἅπαντες. εἴ τις ἐν λόγῳ οὐ πταίει, οὗτος τέλειος ἀνήρ, δυνατὸς χαλιναγωγῆσαι καὶ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πταίω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1245-6
Further reading
[edit]- πταίω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- “πταίω”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- “πταίω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πταίω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G4417 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- blunder idem, page 86.
- disappoint idem, page 228.
- err idem, page 281.
- fail idem, page 301.
- fall idem, page 303.
- fault idem, page 310.
- grief idem, page 373.
- lurch idem, page 505.
- mistake idem, page 535.
- slip idem, page 784.
- spill idem, page 802.
- step idem, page 815.
- stumble idem, page 829.
- trip idem, page 895.
- wrong idem, page 994.
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek πταίω (ptaíō), probably from Proto-Indo-European *p(y)eh₂w- (“to strike, hit”), and cognate with Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”), Lithuanian pjáuti (“to reap, cut”).[1] Doublet of φταίω (ftaío).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]πταίω • (ptaío)
- to nudge
- to crash into
- to stumble
- to err
- to have bad luck
- (dated, katharevousa, archaic) Alternative form of φταίω (ftaío), as in the expression
- τις πταίει; (tis ptaíei?, “who's to blame?”) (article in 1874 by politician Charilaos Trikoupis)
Conjugation
[edit]- Usually in present tense, in 3rd person πταίει (ptaíei) as in the conjugation of the ancient πταίω (ptaíō)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πταίω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1245-6
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek transitive verbs
- Ancient Greek intransitive verbs
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Greek doublets
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek dated terms
- Greek terms with archaic senses