πεῖνα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

πείνη (peínē) — Ionic

Etymology

Unknown. Furnée compares ἠπανάω (ēpanáō, “to be in want”), but this is rather doubtful. Beekes suspects a Pre-Greek borrowing, particularly if -α (-a) was the original suffix.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pêː.na/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.na/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.na/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.na/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.na/

Noun

πεῖνᾰ • (peîna) f (genitive πείνης); first declension

hunger, famine, starvation
Synonym: λῑμός (līmós)
hunger or longing for a thing

Inflection

First declension of ἡ πεῖνᾰ; τῆς πείνης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πεῖνᾰ hē peîna	τὼ πείνᾱ tṑ peínā	αἱ πεῖναι hai peînai
Genitive	τῆς πείνης tês peínēs	τοῖν πείναιν toîn peínain	τῶν πεινῶν tôn peinôn
Dative	τῇ πείνῃ têi peínēi	τοῖν πείναιν toîn peínain	ταῖς πείναις taîs peínais
Accusative	τὴν πεῖνᾰν tḕn peînan	τὼ πείνᾱ tṑ peínā	τᾱ̀ς πείνᾱς tā̀s peínās
Vocative	πεῖνᾰ peîna	πείνᾱ peínā	πεῖναι peînai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

γεωπείνης (geōpeínēs)
ὀξύπεινος (oxúpeinos)
πειναλέος (peinaléos)
πεινάω (peináō)
πεινητικός (peinētikós)
πεινώδης (peinṓdēs)
πεινωλκός (peinōlkós)
πρόσπεινος (próspeinos)

Descendants

Greek: πείνα (peína)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πείνη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1162